TrDizin İndekslenen Yayınlar

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12597/3198

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12th-Grade Students’ Opinions About Abolition Of Threshold Score In The Process Of Entering University
(2023) Sağbaş, N.Ö.; Türk, F.; Özil, L.; Kamer, S.T.
This study aimed to determine how the abolition of the threshold scores at university entrance affected the views of 12th-grade students who were going to take the university exam. In this study, which was carried out based on the qualitative research approach, the phenomenological research design was taken as the basis. Students' opinions were obtained through a semi-structured interview form. The results showed that, under the theme of how the abolishing of the threshold score affects the working performance of the participants, on the basis of school types; my motivation increased (FL), it did not affect (FL, AL), it affected me badly (AL), I continue to work at the same speed and pace (AHL), it kept me motivated (MTAL), my work performance did not change (MTAL), my work performance lowered (MTAL) were the answer by the participants. Under the theme of how it affects mood, on the basis of school types; it did not affect my mood (FL, AL), I became more ambitious (FL), it would have been better not to be removed (FL), undeserving ones will also enter university (AL), my belief in success increased (AHL), my anxiety state disappeared (AHL, MTAL) were among the answers as stated by the participants. Moreover the following answers were reported by the participants: on the basis of school types; It has no positive effect for me (FL, AL, ECHR), it has a positive effect for me (EİHL), I will be placed in an educational institution at my own level (MTAL). Finally under theme whether it has negative effects or not, on the basis of school types; following answers were given by the participants: “there were no negative effects (FL, AL, AHHL, MTAL)”, “those who do not deserve will enter the university (AL)”, “the success score of universities will decrease (AHL)”, there is no distinction between deserving and undeserving people (MTAL), it reduced my will to work (MTAL).”
A Case of Apocrine Sweat Gland Adenocarcinoma In A Tabby Cat
(2021-06-01) Elif DOĞAN; Ayşe Başak KAPÇAK; Funda TERZİ
In this report, clinical, radiological, macroscopic and histopathological findings of apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma are presented in a 13-year-old male tabby cat. In clinical examination, soft tissue masses were detected in the caudal abdomen and left tuber coxae. Upon radiological examination, subcutaneous masses with the appearence of soft tissue contrast were detected and the masses were surgically removed under general anesthesia. The sizes of the masses were approximately 2x2x3 cm in the caudal abdomen and approximately 1x1x2 cm in the tuber coxae region. The cross-section of the mass was whitish-yellow in color. After the masses were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution, a routine histopathology procedure was applied. In histopathological examination, apocrine sweat glands in a cystic structure and extensions from the center of the cyst to the lumen were determined, and anisonucleosis, anisocytosis and anaplastic cells with giant nuclei were observed in the epithelial cells of the gland facing the lumen. A diagnosis of papillary-cystic type apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma was made with these findings.
A Case of Fungus Ball in the Nasal Cavity Imitating a Rhinolith
(2023-02-24) Fatma ATALAY; Ebru EROL UZUNOĞLU
Fungus balls are a chronic and non-invasive fungal infection. Despite being relatively common in the paranasal sinuses, they are rare in the nasal cavity. The etiology of fungus balls in the nasal cavity is unknown. Fungus balls generally develop slowly and asymptomatically. When symptomatic, they can cause symptoms similar to those of chronic sinusitis or intranasal masses, such as nasal obstruction, nasal and post- nasal discharge, head and face pain, and smell perception disorders. The preferred treatment of fungus balls in the nasal cavity is functional en- doscopic sinus surgery and debridement. This case report describes a 50-year-old woman operated with a preliminary diagnosis of rhinolith but finally diagnosed with fungus ball as a result of histopathological examination.
A Case of Nasal Myiasis in a Patient with Intestinal Type Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma
(2022-02-01) Sinan KÖYCEĞİZ; Atahan AĞRILI; Ayhan KARS; Fatma ATALAY; Mustafa Sıtkı GÖZELER
Myiasis is an infestation caused by fly, mosquito or midge larvae settling on animals or humans and feeding on dead or living tissues or nutrients digested by them. Myiasis of the nasal cavity is an uncommon entity. It may particularly be encountered in individuals with low socioeconomic levels in need of care or against a background of malignancy, but is very rare in healthy individuals. While there is no clear algorithm, daily endoscopy-guided debridement with saline irrigation will be beneficial in treatment. We report a case of nasal myiasis in an 82-year-old male patient reported as intestinal type sinonasal adenocarcinoma following biopsy taken from a mass completely filling the nasal cavity two years previously, but who had received no treatment during that time.
A Case Study for the Use of Technology Supported Graphical Organizers in Preschool Children’s Problem Solving
(2021-04-01) Selçuk ÖZDEMİR; Ekmel ÇETİN
The purpose of this study is to integrate preschool children into problem-solving activities, which include graphical organizers such as fishbone diagram, brainstorming and flowchart as cognitive tools in an information technology supported environment. Accordingly, a specific software that prepared based on problem-solving and algorithmic thinking in preschool education was used. Case study method was employed in order to state children’s use of graphical organizers, their participation to the classroom interaction and their problem-solving cases. 28 preschool children participated in this study from a public school in Ankara/Turkey. Classroom interaction video records, and flowcharts prepared by children are data collection tools. The results revealed that, problem-solving activities prepared with graphical organizers and ICT-supported environment are appropriate for preschool children. Children actively participated to the activities of understanding the problem, examining the cause-effect relations, producing alternative solutions to problem activities, and they expressed their thoughts.
A Comparative Analysis of Two English Coursebooks in Terms of Cultural Elements (Headway and English File)
(2021-04-01) Özlem FAKAZLI; İlknur BAYTAR
The current study aimed to do a comparative analysis of the cultural elements in two different English coursebooks (Headway and English File), which are commonly used for teaching English as a foreign/second language. With this purpose in mind, all the activities in Headway and English File were examined to find out how the cultural contents are represented. The study was designed as qualitative research, and the document analysis method was utilized as a data collection tool. The data collected in the coursebooks were evaluated through the content analysis method. As a result of the content analysis, it was revealed that more cultural elements were found in English File compared to the number of the cultural items found in Headway. Although the results varied, the study generally concluded that target cultural elements were dominant in two coursebooks. More specifically, target culture ranked the first, followed by international and local culture respectively in both coursebooks. To sum up, it was indicated that the elements of target culture were included more in these coursebooks. Based on the findings, it can be suggested that not only target culture but also other world cultures should be integrated into the coursebooks in order to enhance learners’ intercultural competence.
A comparative evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters between the Italian mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) and the Turkish mullet Chelon auratus (Risso 1810)
(2020-11-01) Murat YİĞİT; Rifat TEZEL; Ferhat YALGIN; Osman Sabri KESBİÇ; Murat ÇELİK; Francesco FAZIO; Ümit ACAR; Sevdan YILMAZ; Concetta SAOCA
This study aimed to carry out a comparative evaluation of the hematological profile (erythrocyte count, hemoglobinconcentration, hematocrit, and Wintrobe index parameters such as mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin,and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), in addition to certain biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum total protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, andtriglycerides), in the Italian mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) and the Turkish mullet Chelon auratus (Risso 1810). Accordingly,two groups of fish were used in this study: 30 flathead grey mullets, M. cephalus, caught in Lake Faro, Italy, and 30 golden grey mullets, C.auratus, caught in the estuarine channel system of Köyceğiz–Dalyan, Turkey. Statistical evaluations (unpaired t-test) revealed that therewere no significant differences in weight or total length values between the two mullet groups. However, the differences between all theevaluated blood parameters (except alanine aminotransferase) between the Italian and the Turkish mullet were significant (P < 0.0001).The present study demonstrated that there were significant hematological and biochemical differences between the Italian (M. cephalus)and the Turkish (C. auratus) mullet. Our findings also contribute to expanding the knowledge on the hematology and biochemistry oftwo different species of mullet originating from two different habitats. Since the evaluation of blood parameters represents an essentialtool in examining the effects of environmental conditions on fish physiology and, consequently, on fish health status, further research inthis field is encouraged and would be very useful.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND METAL CONTENTS OF SOME EDIBLE MUSHROOM SAMPLES FROM KASTAMONU, TURKEY
(2017-04-01) Sabri ÜNAL; Mertcan KARADENİZ; Temelkan BAKIR; Ali Salih BAKIR
In this work Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus and Lactarius delicious were used to determine and compare their antioxidant capacities and metal contents. The edible mushroom samples were collected from Kastamonu in the West Black Sea region of Turkey. The antioxidant capacity studies were performed by DPPH (1, 1diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging method and were expressed as Trolox equivalents with spectroscopic measurements. TEAC (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) values were found 0.302, 0.557 and 0.251 µM/g for Pleurotus ostreatus, Lactarius delicious and Agaricus bisporus, respectively. All samples were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry to obtain the concentration of Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ca, Pb, Na, Mg and K. While maximum and minumum metal contents of mushrooms were found as mg/g for Na (96-14.9), Mg (8.83-2.60), K (4.05-3.16), Ca (0.089-0.019) and Fe (0.128-0.099), the maximum and minumum contents of mushrooms were found for Cr (8-5), Mn (12-11), Ni (15-6), Cu (30-20), Zn (7-3) and Pb (3-1) as mg/kg. Metal contents were determined together with antioxidant capacity of all analysed mushrooms. It was observed that although the Fe, Ni, Ca, Na, and Mg contents of Agaricus bisporus were lower, it had got higher inhibition than the other mushroom species.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON SOME PROPERTIES AND OXIDATION STABILITY DURING STORAGE OF BUTTER PRODUCED FROM DIFFERENT ANIMALS' MILK
(2018-06-01) Songül ÇAKMAKÇI; Deren TAHMAS KAHYAOĞLU
In this study, butter produced from cow, sheep and goat cream and was examined during a 90 day storageperiod at 4°C. A total of 42 samples produced and were analysed at 1st, 15th, 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th and 90th days.It was found that butter type and storage period had significant effect on the pH value, titratable acidity, acidvalue, fat constants, peroxide and thiobarbituric acid values, β-carotene and vitamin A amounts of the buttersamples. The pH value, iodine number, b value and vitamin A amounts decreased during the storage in allthe types of butter, whereas titratable acidity, acid value, Reichert-Meissl, Polenske and saponificationnumbers and oxidation increased. β-carotene was detected only in butter produced from cow milk creamswhich decreased during storage. Sensory analysis points decreased in all the butter samples during the storagethe highest point belonging to the butter produced from cows’ milk.
A Comparison of Pain and Operation Time in Children Undergoing a Tonsillectomy using Different Energy Doses of Bipolar Cautery
(2021-03-01) Ayhan KARS; Fatih BİNGÖL; Korhan KILIÇ
Objective: The aim of the study is to compare the operative time and degree of post-operative pain in children who underwent a tonsillectomy using different energy doses of bipolar cautery and to specify the most appropriate energy dose. Materials and Methods: Patients included in the study were allocated to three groups with 20 in each and each group underwent the operation with 20, 30 and 40 watt energy doses of bipolar cautery. Operative time was recorded for each patient. The Wong-Baker FACES pain rating Scale (WBS) was used in the post-operative period for each patient and the pain severity of the patients was evaluated at post-operative 30th min, 1st, 6th, 24th hours and 10th day. The operative times and pain severity of the patients were compared thereafter. Results: A significant difference was not detected between the groups in which 20, 30 and 40 watt bipolar cautery was used (p>0.05). A significant difference was not detected between groups with regard to pain scores at post-operative 30th min, 1st, 6th, 24th hour and 10th day (p>0.05). Conclusion: We have compared groups with regard to post-operative pain and operative time according to energy dose of bipolar cautery and detected no statistically significant difference in tonsillectomies conducted with different energy doses. Therefore we consider that energy dose should be as low as possible in tonsillectomies conducted with bipolar cautery.
A CONCISE ANALYSIS OF THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE EXAMINATION (YDS) IN TURKEY AND ITS POSSIBLE WASHBACK EFFECTS
(2016-07-01) Erkan KÜLEKÇİ
In this paper, some basic information about the Foreign Language Examination (YDS) is presented before the construct of the test is analysed in respect of assessing language proficiency. Then, the issues such as reliability and validity of the test are briefly addressed, and both current and possible outcomes of YDS are discussed. Finally, some suggestions for the future direction are presented as the necessity of using computer/internet assistance and encompassing more areas of language knowledge and language skills are highlighted. While this paper provides a ground for future studies to examine YDS, it is strongly emphasized that further and detailed research with empirical data on the test is necessary in order to reveal a much more accurate examination.
A Critical Approach to the Term Turkish Diaspora: Is there ‘the’ Turkish Diaspora?
(2019-04-01) Fırat YALDIZ
In this article, the content of the term of Turkish Diasporawhich is frequently being used in political, bureaucratical andacademic life is being discussed. Particularly, usage of the termTurkish in between citizenship and kinship meanings, and outof the scope of the constitutional and legal definition makes theterm Turkish Diaspora more problematic. It is unclear what ismeant by the term Turkish diaspora that is being broadly andindefinitely used, and who are the subjects of Turkish diaspora.Moreover, Turkey’s expectations and implications in her foreignpolicy regarding the societies which she defines them as diasporais getting more problematic and important day by day. Despitethe enormous scope of the problem, relatively little academicresearch has been conducted on this subject. This article, with thesocial constructionist perspective will discuss the phenomenonof Turkish Diaspora.
A Laboratory Trial on the Usability of Waste Impregnated Papers in Standard Quality High Density Fiberboard (HDF) Production
(2023) Kutluata, N.Ö.; Olgun, Ç.; Gür, M.
The aim of this study is that determination of the usability of the different types of waste impregnated papers (IP) in a standard HDF production line. For this purpose, the HDF panels were produced from industrial prepared fibers and waste of IP, called decor and overlay, preparation lines by three different ratios (from 5% to 15%). Some important properties of HDF’s were determined according to standard test methods and were evaluated by statistical analysis in a 95% confidence interval. According to the evaluation results, it was concluded that it is possible to statistically evaluate the use of overlay and decor papers up to 15% in a standard production in terms of density, and equilibrium moisture, thickness swelling (2 h and 24 h), and modulus of rupture values. In addition, it was observed that the modulus of elasticity and tensile strength values generally improved as the amount of waste paper increased, regardless of the type of waste paper. However, the significant increase in formaldehyde emission showed that evaluating these waste papers without changing in the standard production line is difficult.
A Literature Review on the Effects of the Smartphone Use from Anatomy Point of View
(2021-03-01) Pınar Göker; Sema Polat; Emine Petekkaya
Smartphones have been recognized as one of the most important technological innovations in human history, and with improving customer satisfaction from 7 to 70 years. Smartphones have become an indispensable part of daily life. Smartphones, approximately firstly put forward by Motorola in 1973, and made available from 1984, have affected almost the world over the years. However, smartphone addiction manifests itself as a pandemic in the 21st century and excessive use of smartphones, accompanied by many health problems. Depression and visual impairment are the most common health problems associated with excessive use of smartphones.The most important problem in the anatomically is the discomfort of the musculoskeletal system. The most reported musculoskeletal system complaint is pain symptom that can be seen in many parts of the body, especially in the fingers, wrist and shoulders. As the duration of smartphone use increases, these complaints also increase. In addition, the use of smartphones affects certain areas of the brain, such as the white matter of the internal capsule and stria terminalis.The excessive use of smartphones and the rapidly decreasing age of use have become important risk factors for public health. Therefore, it is very important to define health complaints related to excessive use of smartphones and provide users with special preventive measures. In this review, the results of limited studies investigating the relationship between smartphone use effect on common health, especially on the musculoskeletal system diseases are brought together.
A MEDLINE Survey Study on Reporting of Design Effect and Degree of Compliance with STROBE
(2021-01-01) Özkan Gökcan; Sinem MUTLU; Gültekin ÇAĞIL; Ahmet AYAR; Necip Cihangir YILANLIOĞLU; Semra KAHRAMAN; Koray ÖZBAY; Resul ARISOY; Çiğdem ŞAHİN; Tufan EKİCİ; Zeki ŞALTU; Yafes YILDIZ; Güven KAYA; Alper AYTEKİN; Gözde MADEN; Yelda KASIMOĞLU; Merve ESEN; Elif TUNA; Kuyaş ÖZTÜRK; Asuman ÖZGÖZ; Fadime MUTLU İÇDUYGU; Hale ŞAMLI; Ayşegül YÜKSELTÜRK; Zuhal BAŞKAN; Betul GUMUSLUOGLU; Nesrin OZSOY ERDAS; Özkan KIRMIZI; İrfan TOSUNCUOĞLU; Olgahan BAKŞİ YALÇIN; Sultan KOMUT BAKINÇ; Gülsün NAKIBOĞLU; Dilay Ceren ÇELİK; Nida ELBİSTANLI; Emrah BOYLU; Hüseyin Selim KOCABIYIK; Alper AĞCA; Yusuf YILDIRIM; Ahmet DEMİROK; Kadir İlker ÇANKAYA; Dilek YAŞA; Tufan EKİCİ; Hayri DUMAN; Hasan YILDIRIM; Tufan ÖGE; Özgür AYDIN TOSUN; Duygu KAVAK CÖMERT; Ece USLU; Yusuf ÇAKMAK; Çiğdem ÖZDİLEKCAN; Tarkan ÖZDEMİR; Zeynep Gizem DEMİRTAKAN; Ekrem KARAAYVAZ; Mehmet Rasih SONSÖZ; Zehra BUĞRA; Asli NALBANT; Gülay SAİN GÜVEN; Melda SAĞLAM; Aslıhan ÇAKMAK; Deniz İNAL İNCE; Lale ÖZIŞIK; Ebru ÇALIK KÜTÜKCÜ; Oğuz Abdullah UYAROĞLU; Naciye VARDAR YAĞLI; Esra KINACI; Nursel ÇALIK BAŞARAN; Nilay ÖZLÜ; Recep Emre OKYAY; Özlen EMEKÇİ; Ali Rıza TAYLAN BODUR; Ömer Erbil DOĞAN; Ali Cenk ÖZAY; Aytekin TOKMAK; Mustafa UĞUR; Ali İrfan GÜZEL; Esra YAŞAR ÇELIK; Ebru ERSOY; Ali Özgür ERSOY; Reza KHEIRANDISH; Soodeh ALIDADI; Shahrzad AZIZI; Atena AZAMI; Özlem DURNA AYDIN; Gültekin YILDIZ; Oğuz MERHAN; Songül ULUFER BULUT; Pınar AMBARCIOĞLU; Ali Haydar KIRMIZIGÜL; Ekin Emre ERKILIÇ; Enes AKYÜZ; Mert SEZER; Gizem Nur Güzel; Aysu Küçükuncular; Hüseyin Uysal; Özlem Aksın; Kübra Polat; İrfan Oğuz; Rasim Koçyiğit; Salih Maden; Tuncay Can; Deniz Çakar; Yakup Zekai Katırcıoğlu; Seçil Akıllı Şimşek; Dilek Karamürsel; Musa Kuzgun; Meltem Emre; Duygu Birol; Mehmet Ali Çelikyurt; Fatma Pınar Öztürk; Şerife Gülden Yılmaz; Tuba Beşen; Betül Sayın; Tarık YARILGAÇ; Serkan UZUN; Esra USLU; Aysel ÖZSABAN; Fatma Ketenci GENCER; Latif KURT; Ebru ÖZDENİZ; Erwin BERGMEIER; Ehab M. ALMETWALLY; Gökhan TUNÇ; Süleyman SEYDİ; Cihat GÖKTEPE; Vüsale MUSALI; Mine GÜVEN; Sibel BURSALIOĞLU AYBARÇ; Sibel SELİM; V. Atilla OĞUŞGİL; Abdullah UĞUR; Kadir YALINKILIÇ; Nursel ELMAS; Şule TOKTAŞ; Bülent ARAS; Güray KIRPIK; Umut AL; ASLAN Sema DEMİR; S. Atakan ALTINÖRS; F. Gülay MİRZAOĞLU; Hakan ANAMERİÇ; Hacer TOPAKTAŞ; Ali ÇELİKKAYA; Halil İbrahim GÖK; Muhsin MACİT; Şerife GENİŞ; Mustafa KOÇ; Ahmet TAYFUN; Süer EKER; Seda Tural ÖNÜR; Sedat ALTIN; Fatma Tokgöz AKYIL; Kaan KARA; Sinem Nedime SÖKÜCÜ; Cengiz ÖZDEMİR; Mehmet Akif ÖZGÜL; Muzaffer METİN; Levent CANSEVER; Aysun ÖLÇMEN; Özgür KILIÇKESMEZ; Fatih SULAK; Okan ŞEKER; Eda Baldan TOKER; Özer ATEŞ; Kadir YEŞİLBAĞ; Betül DAĞOĞLU HARK; Zeliha Nazan ALPARSLAN; Duygu SIDDIKOĞLU
Objective: The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement is a checklist and has been developed to improve the reporting ofobservational studies. The design effect for observational studies is an important factor in samplesize determinations however is not considered under STROBE. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate compliance with STROBE in the articles reviewed in MEDLINE and highlight the necessity of thinking out design effect. Material and Methods: A database search has been performedon the observational studies n=342, that are free full text, written in English and published inMEDLINE. The frequency of compliance with STROBE was examined and an auxiliary reviewwith respect to the design effect was done by one reviewer. Results: 342 articles evaluated,224 (65.5%) were cross-sectional and 118 (34.5%) cohort studies. The best compliance (above 90%) was for items 1(b), 2 and 14(a) while the worst fit (under 20%) was for items 12(d),13(c) and 16(c). In n=6 (1.8%) cross-sectional studies design effect was reported. Conclusion:In terms of the quality of the reporting of observational trials, current observational studies inMEDLINE could still benefit from increased reporting of methodologic details including the reporting design effect, sample size determinations, methods taking account of sampling strategyfor cross-sectional studies, power analyses and consideration of potential bias. For items undermethods section (items 4–12) compliance is lower than other items. Discarding design effect hasa potential of source of bias. Authors should report the design effect and can also be considerwithin the items 4 or 9 or 10.
A new alien generic and a species records for the flora of Türkiye: Soleirolia soleirolii (Requien) Dandy (Urticaceae)
(2023) Bani, B.; Haşayacak, H.
The aim of this study is to reveal the presence of Soleirolia soleirolii, evaluated as an alien species for the flora of Turkiye, and to document its first record in Bartın province. Furthermore, Soleirolia is proved as a new genus record for the country, which has significant implications for the region's biodiversity. The detailed morphological descriptions, identification keys, distribution map, and photos are provided for this species, which will be beneficial for future research in this area. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the distribution and morphology of this species and emphasize the need for further research on the biodiversity of this region.
A New Financing Model for Carbon Emission Reduction Projects: The Use of Carbon Emission Reduction Purchase Agreements (ERPA) in the Private Pension System
(2019-06-01) Mehmet Yunus ÇELİK; Gökhan ŞEN; Tolga ULUSOY
As a result of the awareness of global climate change, many studies have been carried out to avoidthis situation. These studies have been carried out intensely since the protocol signed in Kyoto in2005. Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from engines operating on fossil fuels, the promotion ofusing the renewable natural sources such as wind, solar, etc. which are called clean energy, methanegas decompositions, and similar studies are some of these. As the studies increased, fundingdifficulties began to be seen in supporting the projects. In this context, especially project selectionhas started to gain importance. When the carbon emission reduction projects are examined, it isseen that forestry and especially forestation projects are very important. Especially, afforestationinvestments are very important in terms of increasing carbon sinks and many ecosystem services theyprovide are of great value. The aim of this study is to develop a new mechanism to create a sourceof financing for afforestation investments. In this context, the Private Pension System Funds wasused as a fund-raising tool for the financing of afforestation investments. in this new mechanism, itwas aimed that preventing climate change by making all actors gain income. With theimplementation of this system, it is thought that the problems in the existing carbon markets will beprevented, the investments on afforestation will increase and also the environmental funds willbecome widespread.
A New General Forward Difference Operator and Some Applications
(2018-12-01) Yaşar Bolat; Ömer Akın
In this study, the forward difference operator is defined in the most general form. As an application wegive some criteria on the behavior of solutions of some first-order difference equations involving this operator.Todo this, we use a lemma firstly constructed here that gives the relationship between ordinary difference operator andour new operator. Our main theorem improves the known results in the literature, since the potential function in thisequation is of a wider function class, including potential functions in equivalent equations existing in the literature.Also some examples are provided to illustrate our main results.
A NEW INFLAMMATION MARKER IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: IMMATURE GRANULOCYTE
(2023-04-30) Esra ÖZCAN; Sedat GÜLTEN
Objective: This study aimed to reveal whether immature granulocyte levels can be used for determining the disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the Kastamonu Rehabilitation Center. The data of 163 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were reviewed retrospectively. Laboratory data of 92 healthy individuals were used for the control group. Complete blood cell counts, measurement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein level were used for the laboratory assessments. The individuals with active infection and any hematological, cardiovascular, metabolic disorder, malignancy, history of trauma, surgery, and hospitalization within the last 15 days were excluded from the study. Results: We found that the number and percentage of immature granulocyte were significantly higher in the patient group (p<0.05). A positive correlation was found between immature granulocyte and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r=0.171 p=0.03), immature granulocyte and C-reactive protein (r=0.321 p<0.001) in the patient group. In the rheumatoid arthritis group, the number and percentage of immature granulocytes were statistically significantly higher in patients with C-reactive protein >5 than those with C-reactive protein ≤ 5 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The immature granulocytes can be a rapid, easily accessible and cost-effective parameter that indicates inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. It may be useful to use this parameter in the evaluation of disease activity.
A new marker in inflammatory etiopathogenesis of Bell’s palsy: Immature granulocyte
(2022-01-01) Sedat GÜLTEN; Kübra TOPAL; Fatma ATALAY; Ayhan KARS
Aim: Bell’s palsy (BP) pathogenesis is not fully understood, but is generally idiopathic. Studies investigating the etiopathogenesis of BP suggest have implicated factors such as inflammation, viral infection, microvascular dysfunction, and exposure to acute cold. The purpose of this study was to reveal the effectiveness of immature granulocyte (IG) as an inflammatory marker in the etiopathogenesis of BP. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was performed September 2019 and January 2021. Thirty-three patients presenting to the our Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic diagnosed with BP were included in the study. A control group consisting of 50 individuals with similar age and gender distributions to the patient group and presenting for routine examinations was also established. Immature granulocyte count (IGC), and immature granulocyte percentage (IG%) values were calculated from complete blood count (CBC) data. Results: No significant difference was determined between the two groups in terms of age or gender (p > 0.05). IGC values found to differ significantly between the patient and control groups (p=0.004). No significant differences were observed in the IG% (p=0.061). Conclusion: Inflammation is one of the main theories in the context of BP. Higher IGC being determined in patients with BP compared to the healthy control group supports the idea of the role of inflammation in the etiopathogenesis.

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