A comparative evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters between the Italian mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) and the Turkish mullet Chelon auratus (Risso 1810)

Abstract

This study aimed to carry out a comparative evaluation of the hematological profile (erythrocyte count, hemoglobinconcentration, hematocrit, and Wintrobe index parameters such as mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin,and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), in addition to certain biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum total protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, andtriglycerides), in the Italian mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) and the Turkish mullet Chelon auratus (Risso 1810). Accordingly,two groups of fish were used in this study: 30 flathead grey mullets, M. cephalus, caught in Lake Faro, Italy, and 30 golden grey mullets, C.auratus, caught in the estuarine channel system of Köyceğiz–Dalyan, Turkey. Statistical evaluations (unpaired t-test) revealed that therewere no significant differences in weight or total length values between the two mullet groups. However, the differences between all theevaluated blood parameters (except alanine aminotransferase) between the Italian and the Turkish mullet were significant (P < 0.0001).The present study demonstrated that there were significant hematological and biochemical differences between the Italian (M. cephalus)and the Turkish (C. auratus) mullet. Our findings also contribute to expanding the knowledge on the hematology and biochemistry oftwo different species of mullet originating from two different habitats. Since the evaluation of blood parameters represents an essentialtool in examining the effects of environmental conditions on fish physiology and, consequently, on fish health status, further research inthis field is encouraged and would be very useful.