Impact of gender roles on menopause attitudes, symptoms, and psychological well-being: A predictive and correlational study

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the relationships among menopausal attitudes, psychological well-being, menopausal symptoms, and gender role attitudes, and how these factors influence psychological well-being in menopausal women. Data were collected from 290 participants using a Personal Information Form, Gender Roles Attitude Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale, and Attitude Toward Menopause Scale. Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationships and predict psychological well-being. Menopausal attitude was positively correlated with psychological well-being (r = 0.550, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with menopausal symptoms (r = -0.420, p < 0.001). Gender attitude was positively correlated with both menopausal attitude (r = 0.480, p < 0.001) and psychological well-being (r = 0.380, p < 0.001), and negatively correlated with menopausal symptoms (r = -0.290, p < 0.001). The relationship between psychological well-being and menopausal symptoms was not significant (r = -0.100, p > 0.05). In the regression model, these variables explained 30% of the variance in psychological well-being (Adjusted R-2 = 0.30, F = 32.584, p < 0.001). Positive menopausal and gender role attitudes were associated with improved psychological well-being, while higher menopausal symptoms were linked to lower well-being. These findings suggest that addressing gender role attitudes and promoting positive perceptions of menopause could enhance psychological well-being during this life transition.