Experiences, Difficulties, and Coping Mechanisms of Parents With Children With Autism: A Phenomenology Study in Türkiye

Abstract

Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has the potential to create a number of challenges and problems for parents due to having lifelong problem behaviors.Purpose The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences, difficulties, and coping mechanisms of parents with children with ASD through a multidisciplinary team approach.Methodology This study employed a descriptive qualitative research methodology. Data were collected through semi-structured, face-to-face individual interviews with 12 parents, guided by a structured interview protocol. Data management and analysis were conducted using the MAXQDA program. A thematic approach was used in data analysis.Results Participants reported experiencing both challenges and positive emotions related to raising a child diagnosed with ASD, and described a variety of coping strategies. Thematic analysis of the interview data revealed five key themes centered on parental perspectives: (1) parenting a child with ASD, (2) families' reactions to the diagnosis, (3) psychological and social difficulties, (4) future-related concerns, and (5) perceived support needs.Conclusions Parents of children have ASD have to cope with many problems throughout their lives. Resources are needed to support parents bio-psycho-socially. Enhancing the provision of standardized education and support to parents can be achieved by improving existing health and social policies, establishing formal support networks, and facilitating access to childcare services.