Variation in Chemical Constituents of Siyez Wheat (Triticum monococcum L.) in Response to Some Abiotic Stress Factors

Abstract

Main aim of this study was to determine the effects of different salt contents (75 mM, 150 mMand 225 mM NaCl), heavy metal (0.2 mg/L FeCl3, NiCl2, ZnCl2), lime (2 mg/L CaCO3), drought(50%) and pollution (0.2 mg/L dust of factories) on photosynthetic pigments, malondialdehyde(MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, the ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT),guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Siyez wheat (Triticummonococcum L.). All experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions with 16 hour-dayand 8 hour-night photoperiod in an incubator at 23 ± 1°C. Results showed that mean chlorophylla concentration was highest in the siyez seedlings treated with the pollution, while both meanchlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll concentrations were highest with 75 mM salt application.Mean total carotenoid was, however, highest with the drought treatment and mean relative watercontent was highest with NiCl2 application. Mean MDA and H2O2 contents were found to behighest in the siyez seedlings treated with 225 mM salt, whereas they were lowest with NiCl2treatment. Mean proline content was highest with the NiCl2 treatment compared to the lowestconcentration in the control siyez seedlings (82 µmol/g). Mean APX, CAT and GPOX activitieswere noted to be highest in the siyez seedlings treated with NiCl2. In general, the siyez seedlingsshowed high tolerance to the pollution, NiCl2 and drought with having highest photosyntheticpigments, proline, protein content and enzymes activities. Among all treatments, 225 mM NaCland CaCO3 negatively influenced chemical compounds of the siyez seedling. When all data aretaken into consideration, it can be said that higher photosynthetic pigments, proline contents,antioxidant enzymes activities and lower MDA and H2O2 levels play an important role in theresistance of siyez seedlings against abiotic stress conditions.