Heterobasidion Infection in Abies nordmanniana ssp. bornmülleriana Stands in Kastamonu Province

Abstract

In this study, the proportion of Abies bornmülleriana trees infected by Heterobasidion spp. wasinvestigated in Kastamonu Province in different types of stands. One 1 cm-thick disc was taken from eachof 100 freshly cut trees, washed under a running tap, placed into plastic bags and incubated in growthchamber at 24 C° for 7 days. The area occupied by the conidial stage of Heterobasidion annosum s.l. wasdetermined under a stereomicroscope using transparent film placed onto the upper surface of each disc.During this investigation conidia of Heterobasidion annosum s.l. were taken with a needle and placedonto agar plates. The obtained isolates were identified with pairing tests and DNA-based methods.All 36 isolates responded as Heterobasidion abietinum to the tester isolates. Identification based onPCR amplification with MJF MJR and KJF-KFR primers gave the same result. 34% (34 out of 100) ofthe discs taken from the fir forests were found to be infected with H. abietinum. The characteristics of thecolonized patches on the discs indicated that the H. abietinum colonies originated from stem infections ofthe trees. The proportion of the disc area covered by the conidial stage of the fungus was 80% in one ofthe discs, 6-10% in 6 discs, 1-5% in 18 discs, and 0-1 % in 11 discs. The conidiophores were observed inheartwood in only five samples.