The first results of national antimicrobial resistance surveillance system in Turkey

Abstract

Objective: In order to combat with antimicrobialresistance, some measures should be taken anddetermination of the current status is one of them.National antimicrobial resistance surveillance system(NAMRSS) was established for this purpose in Turkey.It was targeted to be useful for guidence of ampiricaltherapy, create antimicrobial usage policies, providedata to the guidebooks, and supply initial information toevaluate the efficasy of the measures taken.Methods: Data of resistance was collected from 55hospital, from blood and cerebrospinal fluid isolates,which were S. aureus, E. faecalis and E. faecium,S. pneumoniae, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P.aeruginosa. The antimicrobials and test methods werechosen in accordance with international surveillancesystems. The collected data was analysed by WHONETsoftware.Results: S. aureus (1437); meticillin resistance was31.5%, rifampin, linezolid and vancomycin resistancewere 65.3%, 2.3%, and 0.0%, respectively. E. faecalis(n=760) resistance of ampicillin was 9.7%, linezolid,vancomycin, teicoplanin were lower than 1%, highlevel (HL) aminoglycoside was around 30%. E. faecium(n=756) resistance of ampicillin was 88,1%, linezolid,teicoplanin were lower than 1%, vancomycin 17%, HLaminoglycoside was around 50%. S. pneumoniae (n=128)with non-meningitis breakpoints; resistance were lowerthan 5.2% for all antimicrobials other than erythromycin(32%), with meningitis breakpoints: resistance increasedto 14,3-44,8%. E. coli (2280) and K. pneumoniae (1307),extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was 51.6%and 54.0%, respectively. P. aeruginosa (825) resistancewere changed in between 8.4% (amikacin) and 36.4%(piperacillin).Conclusion: The resistance was higher among thecountries in close geographical region and increasedin time, indicating the need for developing policies tocombat with it. Besides, the results will also be valuableto monitor the usefulness of the measures taken.