Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Some Wild and Cultivated Edible Mushrooms in Turkey

Abstract

In this study; wild and cultivated edible mushrooms [Boletus edulisBull.:Fr, Craterellus cornucopioides(L.) Pers., Lactarius deliciosus(L.ex Fr.) S.F.Gray, Laetiporus sulphureus(Bull.:Fr.) Murr., Marasmius oreades(Bolt. ex Fr.) Fr., Morchella conicaPers., Ramaria botrytis(Pers.:Fr.) Ricken, Tricholoma terreum(Schaeff.: Fr.) P.Kumm., Hericium erinaceus(Bull.:Fr.) Pers., Lentinula edodes(Berk.) Pegler, Ganoderma lucidum(Curt.:Fr.) P. Karst., and Pleurotus ostreatus(Jacq. ex Fr.) P. Kumm. (1-4)] were obtained from different locations in Turkey. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) enzyme activity, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity changesand nitrate, β-carotene and lycopene levels were investigated in 15 samples to determine antioxidant enzyme capacity. As a result of the study, the highest amount of β-carotene and lycopene were determined in H. erinaceus.P. ostreatus-2 had the lowest amount of β-carotene, whereas Pleurotus ostreatus-1 had the lowest amount of lycopene. Species rich in nitrate content wereC. cornucopioidesand P. ostreatus-4. P. ostreatus-3 wasthe poorest species in terms of nitrate compared to other mushroom samples. PAL activity of mushrooms varied between 5.863 and 8.893 EU mg-1protein. For APX values, P. ostreatus-4 had the highest value, while H. erinaceusspecies had the lowest value. Among mushroom species, the highest and the lowest POD values were determined in H. erinaceusand B. edulis, respectively. C. cornucopioideshad the highest and P. ostreatus-3had the lowest SOD values.