Some physical and nutritional properties of hulled wheat

Abstract

To design a machine for handling, cleaning, conveying, storing and milling, the physical properties of material must be known. For this purpose, einkorn and emmer wheat physical properties were investigated in this study. For einkorn spikelets, length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter, sphericity, surface area, volume, aspect ratio, bulk density, true density, porosity thousand spikelet weight, angle of repose, terminal velocity were found to be 10.88 mm, 3.33 mm, 2.15 mm, 4.34 mm, 0.39%, 52.22 mm2, 23.47 mm3, 0.31, 410.64 kg/m3, 1034.00 kg/m3, 60.28%, 37.78 g, 22.01°, 4.81 m/s, respectively. For emmer spikelets, corresponding values are 12.36 mm, 4.97 mm, 2.72 mm, 5.67 mm, 0.45%, 83.91 mm2, 51.85 mm3, 0.40, 476.79 kg/m3, 1003.35 kg/m3, 52.48%, 78.82 g, 23.02°, 5.30 m/s, respectively. For einkorn kernels, corresponding values are 6.77 mm, 2.87 mm, 1.88 mm, 3.37 mm, 0.49%, 29.86 mm2, 11.66 mm3, 0.43, 793.02 kg/m3, 1239.25 kg/m3, 36.00%, 30.82 g, 22.31°, 5.61 m/s and for emmer kernels, 7.61 mm, 2.64 mm, 2.31 mm, 3.59 mm, 0.47%, 35.28 mm2, 14.65 mm3, 0.35, 725.00 kg/m3, 1248.33 kg/m3, 41.92%, 37.08 g, 24.02°, 5.96 m/s, respectively. Also the differences of hulled wheat were examined as in comparison with common wheat. It was determined that hulled wheat kernels are smaller but denser than common wheat.