Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12597/3197

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A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of a Two-Axially Pre-Loaded Plate Exposed to a Dynamic Force
(Gazi Universitesi, 2024) Dasdemir, A.
In this paper, the forced vibration analysis by a harmonically time-dependent force of an elastic plate covered rigidly by a rigid half-plane is given. The plate layer is subjected to bi-axial normal initial force, into lateral sides separately. Here, the preloading state is exactly static and homogeneous. To eliminate the disadvantage of such a nonlinear model, the problem formulation is modeled in terms of the fundamental consideration of the theory of linearized wave in elastic solids under a pre-loaded state (TLWESPS) in a plane-stress case. For this purpose, considering Hamilton’s principles, the system of the partial equations of motion and the boundary-contact conditions are found. Based on the virtual work and the fundamental theorem of the calculus of variation, the three-dimensional finite element method (3D-FEM) is used to understand the dynamic behavior of the plate. A numerical validation process is established based on error norm functions. Next, influences of certain problem parameters such as Young’s modulus, aspect ratio, thickness ratio, pre-loaded parameter, etc. on the frequency mode of the pre-stressed system are given. The numerical investigations show that higher values of Poisson's ratio promote the resonant mode of the plate while increasing the influence of the preloaded parameter on the dynamic response of the plate.
Exposure to a 0.9-GHz electromagnetic field on postnatal days 21–45 may trigger the renin-angiotensin system in male rat: a histological and biochemical study
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Keleş, A.İ.; Kaya, H.; Keleş, G.; Erol, H.S.; Mercantepe, T.; Odaci, E.
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and histological and biochemical changes occurring in the kidney tissue of male rats exposed to a 0.9 GHz electromagnetic field (EMF). Twelve male rats aged 21 days were randomly assigned to control (C-Gr) and EMF (EMF-Gr) groups. No procedure was performed on C-Gr, while the EMF-Gr rats were exposed to a 0.9 GHz EMF on postnatal days 21–45 (one hour a day for 25 days). Tissues were removed at the end of the experiment and evaluated using biochemical, and histopathological methods. Increased kidney tissue volume and weight and total body weight were determined in the group exposed to EMF. Lipid peroxidation, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase also increased in the kidney tissue of the EMF-Gr rats. Histopathological evaluation revealed cortical/medullary bleeding/obstruction and widespread fibrosis, dilatation, vacuolization, and degeneration in distal and proximal tubules, decreased and atypical parietal cells, and degeneration in epithelial cells. Additionally, dilated and degenerated glomeruli in the Malpighian body, Bowman’s membrane degeneration and degeneration in the vascular pole, podocyte, pedicel and mesangial cells were also observed. As a result of exposure to EMF, oxidative stress, tissue volume and weight increased, and histopathological changes caused the formation of a pathway that triggers RAS in kidney tissues. In conclusion, long-term exposure to 0.9 GHz EMF can activate the renin-angiotensin system in the rat kidney, and we think that such activation may be associated with structural, histopathological, and biochemical changes occurring in renal tissue.
Effects of rainwater on the carrageenan yield and quality and dry yield biomass of eucheumatoid seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Tahiluddin, A.B.; Robles, R.J.F.; Eldani-Tahiluddin, M.h.S.
Kappaphycus alvarezii, a commercially valuable eucheumatoid seaweed, is widely cultivated in equatorial regions for its kappa-carrageenan. A common post-harvest practice among local farmers involves drying the seaweed using the hanging method, often with exposure to rain. This study investigates the effects of rainwater exposure on the carrageenan yield and quality, as well as the dry yield biomass, of K. alvarezii. Four rainwater soaking times (0, 30, 60, and 90 min) were applied to both fresh and dried forms of K. alvarezii. The samples were then dried or re-dried, and their carrageenan properties were analyzed. Results indicate that rainwater significantly reduces dry yield biomass in both fresh and dried forms, while substantially improving carrageenan yield. In its fresh form, exposure to rainwater notably increased gel strength after 90 min of soak. However, when dried seaweed was soaked and re-dried, gel strength was reduced. Rainwater generally had no effect on viscosity or syneresis index. Gelling temperature was significantly affected by rainwater exposure in fresh seaweed but not in dried samples. Melting temperature in fresh forms was unaffected, but rainwater exposure reduced it in dried seaweed after 90 min of soak. Moisture content was significantly reduced by rainwater in both fresh and dried forms. This research highlights the potential impacts of rainwater on the post-harvest processing of Kappaphycus.
Hyperbranched novel functional polymeric catalysts offering new approaches in hydrogen production via NaBH4 methanolysis
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Gokkus, K.; Ozbal, A.; Gür, M.; Akalin, S.A.; Bütün, V.
Hydrogen energy is one of the best alternative energy sources for the future. However, there are still difficulties in its production, storage and transportation. This study focused extensively on the hydrogen production via methanolysis of NaBH4. There are two main objectives of this study. First, to reveal the catalytic effects of different functional groups on hydrogen production. Second, to reveal the high performance of polyaramids in hydrogen production. This was achieved by the synthesis and application of three different polyaramid derivative polymers containing amide, amide-ether and amide-sulfone. The polymers were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, BET, TGA and XPS analyzes. The amounts of catalyst (10–50 mg) and NaBH4 (25–175 mg) and various temperatures (0–60 °C) were optimized. The highest hydrogen production rate (HGR) was found 11857 mL H2.min−1gcat−1. In addition, within in the scope of the study, the effect of different functional groups on the methanolysis of NaBH4 was investigated by detailed characterization of polymers before and after each hydrogen production. These characterizations provided new perspectives for the catalytic mechanisms of the catalysts. In summary, this study is very important in two aspects. First, the detailed analyses carried out within the scope of this study explained for the first time the effects of different functional groups on the methanolysis of NaBH4. These analyses led to the emergence of new perspectives in the design of new catalysts. Second, the serious potential of polyaramids as catalysts in the methanolysis of NaBH4 was revealed for the first time.
Sustainable foam concrete development: Enhancing durability and performance through pine cone powder and fly ash incorporation in alkali-activated geopolymers
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Bayraktar, O.Y.; Özel, H.B.; Benli, A.; Yılmazoğlu, M.U.; Türkel, İ.; Dal, B.B.; Şevik, H.; Kaplan, G.
Pine cone powder (PCP) as a fine aggregate in geopolymers is an emerging concept that focuses on utilizing agricultural or plant-based waste materials to enhance the sustainability and performance of geopolymer composites. This study aims to produce eco-friendly alkali-activated foam concrete (AAFC) by investigating the combined impact of using fly ash (FA) and PCP as partial replacements for granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) and silica sand (SS), respectively. In this study, AAFC mixtures were developed with varying FA contents of 0 %, 25 %, and 50 % as partial replacements for GBFS, and PCP contents of 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, and 100 % as partial replacements for SS. A total of twelve AAFC mixtures were prepared, maintaining a constant alkaline solution-to-binder (A/B) ratio of 0.45. The mixtures were initially cured at 75°C for 24 hours, followed by ambient curing for 7, 28, and 91 days. The impact of varying PCP and FA contents on the oven-dry density, flowability, water absorption, porosity, sorptivity, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, flexural strength, high-temperature resistance, and resistance to sulfate attack (MgSO₄ and Na₂SO₄) of the AAFC mixtures was assessed. The microstructure of the mixtures was further examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that the AAFC mixture with 50 % PCP and 100 % GBFS exhibited the highest mechanical performance, attaining a compressive strength of 12.48 MPa. This represents strength improvements of 158.1 %, 265.4 %, and 256.6 % at 7, 28, and 91 days, respectively, compared to the reference mixture (F0P0). The same mixture had the lowest sorptivity, highest dry unit weight, and best high-temperature resistance. Mixtures with 25 % FA showed improved high-temperature resistance with added PCP. The thermal conductivity of the mixes varied from 0.527 to 0.662 W/mK, with the lowest value in the 100 % PCP mixture and the highest in the 50 % PCP mixture, both without FA. The mixture with 50 % FA and 0 % PCP showed the lowest strength loss after 60 days in a 5 % MgSO₄ solution.
Cochlear Synaptopathy Evaluation With Electrocochleography in Patients With Hearing Difficulty in Noise Despite Normal Hearing Levels
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Yaşar, M.; Öner, F.; Atalay, F.; Anbar, S.S.
Objective: This study examined patients with normal hearing thresholds who had trouble understanding speech in noise. We used electrocochleography (ECochG) to detect and compare SP/AP amplitude area ratios, a potential indicator of cochlear synaptopathy, and investigate speech perception disorder in noise. Methods: The study included 68 people aged between 18 and 65 years, 35 patients and 33 healthy volunteers, who applied to the otorhinolaryngology clinic between November 2023 and March 2024 with a 2-month history of difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments. Everyone was given a tiptrode electrode ECochG test, and the results were compared between groups. An ECochG test was recorded with tiptrode electrodes and was performed on all participants, and the results were compared between groups. Results: In the ECochG test, the summation potential/action potential (SP/AP) amplitude and area ratios of patients who had difficulty understanding speech in a noisy environment were statistically higher than those of the control group. Conclusion: ECochG testing may provide additional evidence to evaluate auditory nerve pathways.
Sustainable aviation fuel supplier evaluation for airlines through LOPCOW and MARCOS approaches with interval-valued fuzzy neutrosophic information
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Ecer, F.; Tanrıverdi, G.; Yaşar, M.; Görçün, Ö.F.
In line with the 2050 net zero emission target, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is recognized as one of the most effective decarbonization solutions for the aviation industry, which has been identified among the critical areas for mitigating climate change. However, although sustainability issues and decarbonization have attracted scholars' attention in various terms for the airline industry, we identified some significant theoretical and managerial gaps as follows: (i) the number of studies evaluating sustainable suppliers by airlines via multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches are very few, (ii) the extant literature has no paper addressing airlines' SAF supplier selection process, and (iii) no widely established criteria set in the literature to evaluate the SAF suppliers for airlines. We propose a novel model for the decision-making process of airlines' sustainable SAF supplier selection, including 39 criteria from 5 aspects considering the triple bottom of sustainability. The proposed model involves the combination of the logarithmic percentage change-driven objective weighting (LOPCOW) and measurement alternatives and ranking according to the compromise solution (MARCOS) approaches' extended forms based on the interval-valued fuzzy neutrosophic numbers (IVFNN). A comprehensive sensitivity and comparison control is further exploited to display the developed framework's robustness and practicality. Our results suggest that airlines prioritize the green initiatives of SAF suppliers over the economic aspect in the process of sustainable SAF supplier selection. We provide some managerial and policy insights for practitioners and policy-makers in the airline industry and some directions for further research.
Synthesis of new 5-iodoisatin derivatives: Predicting antioxidant inhibition activity with DFT studies
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Serdar Çavuş, M.
New 5-iodoisatin-aryl/alkyl/thiosemicarbazones (1–8) were synthesized from various isocyanates and 5-iodoisatin, and their structures were validated by spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The in vitro antioxidant activity of these compounds was tested using the DPPH free radical trapping method, yielding IC50 values ranging from 14.11 to 20.48 µM. DFT calculations were performed at the B3LYP/6–311++G(2d,2p) level of theory using the genecp approach with the def2-QZVPP basis set for the iodine atom. The intrinsic bond strength index (IBSI) values of the N‒H bonds in the compounds, along with their density of state (DOS) properties and average local ionization energies (ALIE), were investigated. The influence of SET and HAT mechanisms in the reaction of compounds with DPPH was predicted based on the concentration of the compounds, and the possible effects of parameters that support the dominant characteristics in these reactions were investigated using computational data such as single electron transfer enthalpy (SETE) and bond dissociation energy (BDE). Furthermore, a function based on DFT data was proposed to compare the inhibition percentages of the compounds' reactions with DPPH to each other and to Trolox. Strong correlations were obtained suggesting that the inhibition effect of the compounds relative to Trolox could be estimated computationally with the function. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the experimental inhibition percentages of compounds and Trolox and the values predicted by the function at low concentrations of 1.25 and 2.50 μM were calculated as 0.924 and 0.968, respectively. For higher concentrations in the range of 5.00–12.50 μM, correlations ranging from 0.848 to 0.923 were obtained.
Effect of VDR and TLR2 gene variants on the clinical course of patients with COVID-19 disease
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2024) Kuruca, N.; Atilla, A.; Kaya, M.T.; Gokmen, S.; Nursal, A.F.; Kilic, O.; Kuruoglu, T.; Temocin, F.; Guvenc, T.; Yigit, S.; Guvenc, D.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has caused a major global health crisis, primarily targets the upper and lower respiratory tract. But infected individuals may experience different clinical symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic to critical. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) polymorphisms play a role in the immune response. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of VDR Bsml (rs1544410) and TLR2 23bp indel variants on the clinical status of Turkish patients with COVID-19 disease. A total of 312 people, including 106 intensive care unit (ICU) patients, 103 symptomatic hospitalized patients, and 103 healthy controls, were included in the study. The VDR BsmI and TLR2 23bp indel were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and/or restriction fragment length fraction methods. The VDR BsmI b/b genotype and b allele were higher in symptomatic patients compared to the healthy control group (p = 0.035). The VDR BsmI B/B and B/b genotype distribution did not differ between ICU patients and both symptomatic patients and controls (p > 0.05). We found that B/B:B/b+b/b and B/B+B/b:b/b were significantly different in symptomatic patients compared to controls (p = 0.033 and p = 0.041, respectively). The VDR BsmI b/b genotype distribution was found to be lower in deceased patients than in living patients (p = 0.023). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of TLR2 23bp indel genotype and allele distribution (p > 0.05). Our study results suggest that the VDR BsmI b allele may have a role in COVID-19 patients with symptomatic findings. These data need to be repeated in different ethnic and larger sample groups.
Assessment of tibialis anterior tendon insertion variations in relation to hallux valgus utilizing magnetic resonance imaging
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2024) Uğur, F.; Albayrak, M.; Akar, B.; Reis, B.
Background: Hallux valgus is a deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the big toe and medial deviation of the first metatarsal, causing difficulty in walking and requiring various treatments. Despite its multifactorial etiology, the role of the tibialis anterior tendon in hallux valgus and its variations in the morphology of tibialis anterior tendon distal insertion sites have not been fully explored. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of such variations on hallux valgus using magnetic resonance imaging. Methods: This was a retrospective study and included 115 individuals aged 18 years and older who underwent foot radiographs and MRI. The participants were divided into a hallux valgus group of 53 patients and a control group of 62 people based on radiographic measurements. Tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment was classified into five types according to the attachment morphology. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the tibialis anterior tendon types and hallux valgus severity. Results: Among the participants, patients who underwent foot radiography and MRI due to any medical indication 70.4% were female, with a mean age of 43.83 ± 15.25 years. In terms of tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment, the most common type was Type 5 (40.9%), followed by Type 2 (34.8%). Type 4 was not observed in any case. In all participants, the mean hallux valgus angle was 20.63 ± 8.42o, and the mean intermetatarsal angle was 9.69 ± 2.68o. Tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment Type 5 was significantly associated with an increased hallux valgus angle but not with the intermetatarsal angle. We found a significant relationship between the diameter of the tibialis anterior tendon and hallux valgus angle. Conclusions: This study revealed a significant association between hallux valgus and Type 5 tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment, suggesting that tibialis anterior tendon morphology influences hallux valgus severity. The findings underscore the importance of considering variations in tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment sites in the etiopathogenesis and treatment planning of hallux valgus.
The impact of air and rail transportation on environmental pollution in Turkey: a Fourier cointegration analysis
(Emerald Publishing, 2024) Beşer, N.Ö.; Tütüncü, A.; Beşer, M.; Magazzino, C.
Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the influence of air and rail transportation on pollution in Turkey from 1970 to 2020. Design/methodology/approach: Fourier Autoregressive Distributive Lags (ADL) and Fourier Fractional ADL cointegration tests (Banerjee et al., 2017; Ilkay et al., 2021) are employed to analyze the relationship be-tween the variables. Cointegration tests that take into account soft transitions under structural changes are implemented. Structural change issues are crucial for this topic since the changes in countries’ environmental policies and transportation habits are shaped by the decisions taken in relation to environmental regulations. Finally, for robustness purposes, we tested the estimated equation with a completely different methodology. Thus, a Machine Learning (ML) analysis is conducted, through a Ridge Regression (RR). Findings: The findings obtained by applying Fourier Autoregressive Distributive Lags (FADL) and Fourier Fractional ADL cointegration tests, which can control for structural changes, reveal the existence of a long-term relationship between the variables. In addition, FMOLS estimates emphasize that economic growth and air transport can lead to increased pollution in the long run, while rail transport reduces it. Moreover, the statistically significant trigonometric terms indicate the existence of a smooth structural change among the variables. Robustness checks are performed through a Machine Learning (ML) analysis, which roughly confirms the previous results. Originality/value: To our knowledge, existing research in Turkey focuses mainly on road transport, while the impact of rail and air transport on pollution has not yet been investigated. As such, this study will be a significant addition to the academic literature.
Antibacterial Effects of Essential Oils on P. aeruginosa, Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus, and Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Dog Wounds
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Sezener Kabay, M.G.; Inal, S.; Gökmen, S.; Ergüden, V.E.; Fındık, A.; Güvenç, T.; Kayhan, H.; Güvenç, D.
Background: Essential oils exhibit several biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, proliferative, and anti-inflammatory. This study was aimed at investigating the antimicrobial effects and cytotoxic activities of niaouli, palmarosa, and clove essential oils. Methods: Content analyses of these essential oils were carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity was screened against methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC 43300, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, P. aeruginosa PAO1, S. aureus ATCC 25923, and 44 isolates (22 P. aeruginosa isolates, 4 S. aureus isolates, and 18 Staphylococcus spp. isolates) obtained from dogs with previous wound infections who were included in the current study. The antimicrobial effects of essential oils were investigated using disk diffusion and minimum inhibition/bactericidal concentration methods. Additionally, the antibiofilm, protease, elastase, and gelatinase activities of the essential oils were evaluated. Different concentrations of each essential oil ranging from 10 to 1000 µg/mL were also analyzed in terms of cell viability by WST-8 assay in primary canine fibroblast cells. Results: The fibroblast cell viabilities of palmarosa, niaouli, and clove oils at a 1000 µg/mL concentration were 75.4%, 96.39%, and 75.34%, respectively. All the EOs were found to have bactericidal effects with MBCs/MICs of 0.015 to 0.5 µL/mL against P. aeruginosa, Staphylococcus isolates (p < 0.001). Palmarosa was found to have the largest inhibition zone diameter (20.5 ± 6.6, 16.4 ± 2.3) compared to other essential oils in the disk diffusion test against Staphylococcus spp. and P. aeruginosa (p < 0.001). But none of the EOs reduced protease, elastase, and gelatinase activities, which are some of the virulence properties of the tested bacteria. Conclusions: These results showed that palmarosa, niaouli, and clove essential oils act as potential antibacterial agents for dogs against P. aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and Staphylococcus spp., without damaging the skin.
Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater Extract Against Food Spoiling/Poisoning, Fish-Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Microorganisms
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Yılmaz, D.K.; Kesbiç, F.I.; Çelik, E.Ş.; Odabaşı, D.A.; Yilmaz, S.; Abdel-Latif, H.M.R.
Although antibiotics are the main therapy for bacterial infections, the reports showed that the overuse (or misuse) of antibiotics will results in several problems such as the development of antibiotic-resistant strains, persistence of drug residues, and numerous environmental concerns. Therefore, finding antibiotic alternatives is considered of vital importance. Investigation of the antimicrobial properties of several plant substances and extracts is of great value to replace antibiotics. With this objective, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of an ethanolic extract prepared from olive mill wastewater (OMWW), which is a by-product of olive oil production with considerable environmental burden, against 38 bacterial strains, including fish-associated pathogens, non-pathogenic isolates, collection strains, and one yeast strain, Candida albicans. Disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) tests were used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the OMWWE. According to the results, OMWWE provoked strong inhibitory effects against Shewanella baltica strain SY-S145. It also showed a moderate inhibitory effect on Plesiomonas shigelloides strain SY-PS16 and Vibrio anguillarum strain SY-L24. The MIC and MBC of OMWWE on Shewanella baltica SY-S145, Vibrio gigantis strain C24, and V. anguillarum strain SY-L24 were 500 µg/mL. The MIC and MBC on V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 were 1000 µg/mL, whereas the values for Aeromonas salmonicida ATCC 33658 were 500 µg/mL and 1000 µg/mL, respectively. To put it briefly, the OMWW extract showed high antimicrobial activity and can act as an environmentally friendly additive for the control and prevention of diseases caused by A. veronii, A. hydrophila, P. shigelloides, S. baltica, V. anguillarum, and V. parahaemolyticus. Its active agents also prevented infections of both fish-associated pathogens and food spoiling bacteria, which means it can not only help in the disease control mechanism but also in improving the safety of food by reduction of the microbial contamination.
Effect of Body Size on Plasma and Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Danofloxacin in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Uney, K.; Corum, D.D.; Marín, P.; Coskun, D.; Terzi, E.; Badillo, E.; Corum, O.
Changes in body size in fish can alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs, thereby affecting their therapeutic efficacy. Fish are among the animals that exhibit the greatest variability in body size during their life cycle. Despite being exposed to bacterial infections at all stages of life, the dosage regimens of antibacterial drugs have not been adjusted for age/body mass changes. The plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin differed according to rainbow trout size. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic findings suggest that treatment efficacy is positively correlated with body size. However, in natural infections caused by susceptible bacteria, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies in different fish sizes are needed to define optimal dosing regimens.
Hair and Blood Trace Elements (Cadmium, Zinc, Chrome, Lead, Iron and Copper) Biomonitoring in the Athletic Horse: The Potential Role of Haematological Parameters as Biomarkers
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Aragona, F.; Giannetto, C.; Piccione, G.; Licata, P.; Deniz, Ö.; Fazio, F.
The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the bioaccumulation of cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), Chrome (Cr), Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu), in the blood, serum, tail and mane of horses from the industrialized area of Milazzo (Messina, Sicily), to understand the relationships between haematological parameters: Red Blood Cells (RBCs), White Blood Cells (WBCs), Haemoglobin (Hb), Haematocrit (Hct), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Platelets (PLTs) and the concentrations of trace elements. Blood and hair samples from 20 healthy Italian Saddle horses and water, hay and concentrates samples were obtained to determine the haemogram and mineral concentration using a Thermo Scientific iCAP-Q ICP-MS spectrometer. Descriptive analysis showed a higher concentration of Zn, Cr, Pb, Fe, and Cu in the blood and a higher concentration of Cd in the tail than other substrates. A positive correlation was found for Cr (p < 0.0001) and Zn (p < 0.01) between blood and serum substrates, for Zn (p < 0.001) between mane and tail and for Pb (p < 0.01) between blood and mane, while a negative correlation was observed for Cr (p < 0.01) between blood and tail. Results showed a close relationship between the bioaccumulation of certain trace elements in biological substrates and haematological parameters, which represent useful biomarkers suggesting further studies, given the role of haematological parameters in athletic horses.
Comparison of Resorption in Autogenous Dorsal Onlay Cartilage Grafts: An Experimental Study
(Springer, 2024) Öner, F.; Kozan, G.
Objectives: The present study was designed to compare the graft resorption characteristics of autogenous cartilage from the septum, auricle, and costal in the superficial muscular aponeurotic system of the nasal dorsum of the rabbit model. Methods: Equal-sized perichondrium-free septal, auricular, and costal cartilage grafts were collected from fifteen New Zealand white rabbits. Cartilage grafts were taken at the scale of two grafts from each animal’s ear, two from its costal part, and one from its septum. Costal cartilage grafts that were shaped with a micro-motor device and monopolar electrocautery, elastic cartilage grafts that were shaped with a micro-motor device and monopolar electrocautery, and septal cartilage grafts that were shaped with a scalpel were all implanted into the dorsum of rabbit’s noses to create five groups. All autogenous cartilage tissues were removed 3 months later. Cartilages were evaluated for histological features, graft mass, and chondrocyte density resorption. Results: The elastic cartilage group, where electrocautery was used to shape the cartilage, had a higher resorption score than the other groups. The costal cartilage graft shaped with a micro-motor was also observed to have the best cartilage regeneration score. Conclusion: We observed that the resorption of costal cartilage was lower than that of ear and septum cartilage. It was determined that micro-motor application for the shaping process caused less resorption and stimulated more regeneration than cautery application. Level of Evidence III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions.
Efficacy of Low-Dose Ketamine and Propofol in the Treatment of Experimental Refractory Status Epilepticus on Male Rats
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Yılmaz, G.B.; Saraçoğlu, K.T.; Aykın, U.; Akça, M.; Demirtaş, C.; Saraçoğlu, A.; Yıldırım, M.
Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is a condition with serious mortality and morbidity rate, resistant to benzodiazepine and second-line antiepileptic drugs. This study aimed to electrophysiologically investigate the combination of NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine and GABAergic agent propofol in an RSE model induced by lithium-pilocarpine in male Sprague–Dawley rats. Seventy-two male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into nine groups. The RSE model was induced by subcutaneous injection of lithium-CI (5 mEq/kg) and intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine-HCl (320 mg/kg), after implanting tripolar EEG electrode. Ketamine (30, 60, and 90 mg/kg), propofol (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg), and combinations of both drugs (15 + 20 and 30 + 40 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to animals with RSE. Video-EEG recordings were taken after inducing model and 48 h later. The efficacy of drugs was statistically evaluated based on spike frequencies (spikes/min) and amplitudes (mV). Compared to RSE group, it was determined that 30 and 60 mg/kg doses of ketamine provided effective seizure control and prevented mortality (p < 0.001), while the 90 mg/kg showed toxic effects in all animals and caused mortality. The 80 mg/kg dose of propofol provided seizure control and reduced the mortality rate to 16.7% (p < 0.001), whereas the 20 mg/kg resulted in a 100% mortality rate. The low-dose ketamine+propofol (15 + 20 mg/kg) combination provided early onset seizure control and were as effective as 80 mg/kg propofol (p < 0.05). The study concluded that in the experimental RSE model, seizure control could be achieved with low-dose combination of ketamine and propofol without the need for high doses as in monotherapy, thus preventing dose-related adverse effects.
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, DFT studies and antioxidant activity of new 5-substituted isatin/thiosemicarbazones
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Muğlu, H.
A new series of thiosemicarbazone derivatives (1–8) were prepared and elucidated by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. In this study, in which the antiradical activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) were investigated, ascorbic acid was used as a reference antioxidant. Also, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to investigate the structural and electronic properties of compounds, and the obtained data were utilized to elucidate antioxidant activity. In summary, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were calculated and had lower antioxidant activity than the standard ascorbic acid.
Using Trees to Monitor Airborne Cr Pollution: Effects of Compass Direction and Woody Species on Cr Uptake during Phytoremediation
(North Carolina State University, 2025) Pulatoglu, A.O.; Koç, İ.; Özel, H.B.; Şevik, H.; Yıldız, Y.
Among the heavy metals (HMs) whose concentrations in natural environments have risen considerably in the last era, chromium (Cr) is one of the most toxic. Because of the risks it poses to human and environmental health, it is of great importance to screen the variation in Cr contamination in the atmosphere and decrease the pollution. This study aimed to determine the proper tree species that can be used to monitor and reduce Cr contamination. For this aim, studies were conducted on Tilia tomentosa, Robinia pseudoacacia, Cedrus atlantica, Pseudotsuga menziesii, and Fraxinus excelsior species growing in Düzce, which is among the 5 most contaminated European towns according to the World Air Pollution report. Samples taken from these trees were examined, and changes in Cr concentration depending on species, organs, compass direction, and age range in the last 60 years were evaluated. Results indicated higher Cr pollution in recent years, consistent with higher traffic density, but that there was no consistent effect of compass direction. It was also determined that the tree species most appropriate for screening the variation in Cr contamination in the airborne were Tilia tomentosa, and the most appropriate species for decreasing pollution were Robinia pseudoacacia and Cedrus atlantica.
Photoplethysmography-based assessment of varicose vein-related risk factors, exercise health beliefs, and venous refill time in healthcare professionals working in operating rooms and outpatient clinics
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2024) Şirin, G.; Karaveli Cakir, S.; Eryiğit, S.; Toz, H.; Pirhan, O.; Erpolat Taşabat, S.; Çalişkan, İ.
Bacground: Impaired venous return is observed in healthcare professionals who spend long periods standing and sitting. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate varicose vein-related risk factors, exercise health beliefs, and venous refill time in healthcare professionals working in operating rooms and outpatient clinics by photoplethysmography. Method: The study sample consisted of 100 healthcare professionals without a diagnosis of peripheral venous insufficiency. Data were collected using a descriptive characteristics form, the Health Belief Model Scale for Exercise, the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and photoplethysmography. Result: This study found that OR nurses had shorter venous refill times and experienced more pain due to prolonged standing, despite their high health beliefs about exercise. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals working in operating rooms should be screened for venous insufficiency and trained regarding the practices to prevent venous insufficiency, such as lying down, elevating legs, and using elastic stockings.

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