Experiences, Difficulties, and Coping Mechanisms of Parents With Children With Autism: A Phenomenology Study in Türkiye

Abstract

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has the potential to create a number of challenges and problems for parents due to having lifelong problem behaviors. Purpose: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences, difficulties, and coping mechanisms of parents with children with ASD through a multidisciplinary team approach. Methodology: This study employed a descriptive qualitative research methodology. Data were collected through semi-structured, face-to-face individual interviews with 12 parents, guided by a structured interview protocol. Data management and analysis were conducted using the MAXQDA program. A thematic approach was used in data analysis. Results: Participants reported experiencing both challenges and positive emotions related to raising a child diagnosed with ASD, and described a variety of coping strategies. Thematic analysis of the interview data revealed five key themes centered on parental perspectives: (1) parenting a child with ASD, (2) families' reactions to the diagnosis, (3) psychological and social difficulties, (4) future-related concerns, and (5) perceived support needs. Conclusions: Parents of children have ASD have to cope with many problems throughout their lives. Resources are needed to support parents bio-psycho-socially. Enhancing the provision of standardized education and support to parents can be achieved by improving existing health and social policies, establishing formal support networks, and facilitating access to childcare services.