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Antibacterial Effects of Essential Oils on P. aeruginosa, Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus, and Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Dog Wounds

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dc.contributor.authorSezener Kabay, Merve Gizem
dc.contributor.authorInal, Sinem
dc.contributor.authorGökmen, Sedat
dc.contributor.authorErgüden, Volkan Enes
dc.contributor.authorFındık, Arzu
dc.contributor.authorGüvenç, Tolga
dc.contributor.authorKayhan, Hülya
dc.contributor.authorGüvenç, Dilek
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-04T21:04:16Z
dc.date.issued2024-11-07
dc.description.abstractBackground: Essential oils exhibit several biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, proliferative, and anti-inflammatory. This study was aimed at investigating the antimicrobial effects and cytotoxic activities of niaouli, palmarosa, and clove essential oils. Methods: Content analyses of these essential oils were carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity was screened against methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC 43300, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, P. aeruginosa PAO1, S. aureus ATCC 25923, and 44 isolates (22 P. aeruginosa isolates, 4 S. aureus isolates, and 18 Staphylococcus spp. isolates) obtained from dogs with previous wound infections who were included in the current study. The antimicrobial effects of essential oils were investigated using disk diffusion and minimum inhibition/bactericidal concentration methods. Additionally, the antibiofilm, protease, elastase, and gelatinase activities of the essential oils were evaluated. Different concentrations of each essential oil ranging from 10 to 1000 µg/mL were also analyzed in terms of cell viability by WST-8 assay in primary canine fibroblast cells. Results: The fibroblast cell viabilities of palmarosa, niaouli, and clove oils at a 1000 µg/mL concentration were 75.4%, 96.39%, and 75.34%, respectively. All the EOs were found to have bactericidal effects with MBCs/MICs of 0.015 to 0.5 µL/mL against P. aeruginosa, Staphylococcus isolates (p < 0.001). Palmarosa was found to have the largest inhibition zone diameter (20.5 ± 6.6, 16.4 ± 2.3) compared to other essential oils in the disk diffusion test against Staphylococcus spp. and P. aeruginosa (p < 0.001). But none of the EOs reduced protease, elastase, and gelatinase activities, which are some of the virulence properties of the tested bacteria. Conclusions: These results showed that palmarosa, niaouli, and clove essential oils act as potential antibacterial agents for dogs against P. aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and Staphylococcus spp., without damaging the skin.
dc.description.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/ph17111494
dc.description.urihttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39598405
dc.description.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17111494
dc.description.urihttps://doaj.org/article/1863c16e8b3540b5b2ffd301c2b727ba
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ph17111494
dc.identifier.eissn1424-8247
dc.identifier.openairedoi_dedup___::2910f4aa26433ea84cf434ab1ce4a7b9
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0487-7515
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2552-5159
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4793-3030
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2215-2868
dc.identifier.orcid0009-0001-0866-5758
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0036-0914
dc.identifier.pubmed39598405
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85210445862
dc.identifier.startpage1494
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12597/42225
dc.identifier.volume17
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMDPI AG
dc.relation.ispartofPharmaceuticals
dc.rightsOPEN
dc.subjectRS1-441
dc.subjectprimary fibroblast cells
dc.subjectPharmacy and materia medica
dc.subjectR
dc.subjectMedicine
dc.subjectantibacterial effects
dc.subjectantibiofilm effect
dc.subjectessential oils
dc.subjectArticle
dc.titleAntibacterial Effects of Essential Oils on P. aeruginosa, Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus, and Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Dog Wounds
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
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This study was aimed at investigating the antimicrobial effects and cytotoxic activities of niaouli, palmarosa, and clove essential oils. Methods: Content analyses of these essential oils were carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity was screened against methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC 43300, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, P. aeruginosa PAO1, S. aureus ATCC 25923, and 44 isolates (22 P. aeruginosa isolates, 4 S. aureus isolates, and 18 Staphylococcus spp. isolates) obtained from dogs with previous wound infections who were included in the current study. The antimicrobial effects of essential oils were investigated using disk diffusion and minimum inhibition/bactericidal concentration methods. Additionally, the antibiofilm, protease, elastase, and gelatinase activities of the essential oils were evaluated. Different concentrations of each essential oil ranging from 10 to 1000 µg/mL were also analyzed in terms of cell viability by WST-8 assay in primary canine fibroblast cells. Results: The fibroblast cell viabilities of palmarosa, niaouli, and clove oils at a 1000 µg/mL concentration were 75.4%, 96.39%, and 75.34%, respectively. All the EOs were found to have bactericidal effects with MBCs/MICs of 0.015 to 0.5 µL/mL against P. aeruginosa, Staphylococcus isolates (p &lt; 0.001). Palmarosa was found to have the largest inhibition zone diameter (20.5 ± 6.6, 16.4 ± 2.3) compared to other essential oils in the disk diffusion test against Staphylococcus spp. and P. aeruginosa (p &lt; 0.001). But none of the EOs reduced protease, elastase, and gelatinase activities, which are some of the virulence properties of the tested bacteria. 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