Canopy Fuel Characteristics and Fuel Load in Young Black Pine Trees

Abstract

Crown structure and fuel loading are important factors affecting crown fi re occurrence and behavior. This paper reports on the canopy fuel characteristics and regression models to determine Canopy Fuel Loading (CFL) of young black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) trees. Equations were based on the data from 11 destructively sampled black pine plantation trees. This data was used to develop best equations fi t with ordinary least squares procedures that estimate available and total canopy fuel load for young black pine plantation trees. Model fi ts for available and total canopy fuel load were generally good. Results indicated that available and total canopy fuel load could be easily predicted using diameter at breast height (D), variable. The resulting equations were able to account for 94% of the observed variation in the total canopy fuel load. Average tree canopy fuel load was 8.9 kg. On average 41% of canopy fuel load was allocated to the needle, 13% to the fi ne branch, 20% to the medium branch, 18% to thick branch and 8% to the very thick branch. Vertical distribution of canopy fuels was variable. Most foliage was found on the main branches of the medium portion of the canopy. The lower and upper portions of the crown had relatively less foliage. The results of the study allowed also for the comparisons of linear and nonlinear equations of biomass estimation commonly used in literature.