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The Effects of Rotation Speed and Friction Time for Joining of AISI 4340—2205 Steels by Friction Welding

Basit Görünüm
dc.contributor.authorCaligulu, U.
dc.contributor.authorYalcinoz, M.
dc.contributor.authorKati, N.
dc.contributor.authorBalalan, Z.
dc.contributor.authorIslak, S.
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-02T23:45:20Z
dc.date.issued2016-08-17
dc.description.abstract???????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????, ?????????????? ?? ?????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????????????????, ?????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????, ?????????????? ????????????????????????????????????, ???????????????? ???????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????????????? ???? ?????????????????? ?? ???????????????????? ??????????. ??????????????????, ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????, ?????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????. ???????????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?? ???????? ???????????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????, ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????. ?? ?????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????? ???? ???????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? AISI 4340???2205. ?????????????? ???? ???????????????????? ?????????? AISI 4340 ?? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????? AISI 2205, ???????????? ?????????????????? 12 ????, ???????????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ????????????????????. ?????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?? ???????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ????????, ?????????????? ???????? ?????????????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????. ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????, ?? ?????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????. ?????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????? ???? ????????????. ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????, ?????? ???????????????????? ?????????? AISI 4340 ?????????? ?????????????????????? ?? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????? AISI 2205 ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????. ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ???????? ?????????????????? ?? ????, ?????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????????? ???? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ????????. ???????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???? ???????????? 635,66 ?????? ???????? ???????????????????? ?????? ????????????????????, ???????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????: ???????????????? ???????????????? ??? 2200 ????/??????., ???????????????? ???????????? ??? 40 ??????, ???????????????? ?????????????????????? ??? 80 ??????, ?????????? ???????????? ??? 6 ?? ?? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ??? 3 ??.
dc.description.abstract???????????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????, ???????? ?? ???????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????????, ???? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????????????, ???????????? ????????????????????????????, ???????????????? ???????????????????? ???? ?????????????????? ???? ????????????????. ??????????????????, ?????? ?????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????, ???????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????. ???????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?? ???????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????, ?????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????. ?? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? AISI 4340???2205. ???????????? ?? ?????????????????????????? ?????????? AISI 4340 ?? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? AISI 2205, ???????????? ?????????????????? ?? 12 ????, ?????????????????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????. ???????????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????? ????????, ?????? ???????? ???????????????????????????? ???? ?????????????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????. ?????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????, ?? ?????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????????????? ????????????. ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???? ???????????????????????? ???? ????????????. ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????????, ???? ???????????????????????? ?????????? AISI 4340 ???????? ????????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????? AISI 2205 ?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ?? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ????????????????. ???????????????? ???????????????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ?? ????, ???? ?? ?????????????? ???????????????? ???? ?????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????. ???????????????????????? ???????????????? ???? ???????????? ?? 635,66 ?????? ???????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????, ???????? ???????? ???????????????? ???? ?????????????????? ???????? ????????????????????: ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ??? 2200 ????/????., ???????? ?????????? ??? 40 ??????, ???????? ???????????????????? ??? 80 ??????, ?????? ?????????? ??? 6 ??, ?? ?????? ???????????????????? ??? 3 ??.
dc.description.abstractFriction welding is a solid state joining process used extensively currently owing to its advantages such as low heat input, high production efficiency, ease of manufacture, and environment friendliness. Materials difficult to be welded by fusion welding processes can be successfully welded by friction welding. In the fusion welding methods for joining different materials, brittle intermetallic compounds phases are produced in the fusion zone, which reduces the strength of the welding joint. In this study, the effects of rotation speed and friction time for joining of AISI 4340???2205 steels welded by friction are investigated. Specimens of AISI 4340 tempered steel and AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel, each of 12 mm diameters, are used to fabricate the joints. The friction welding tests are carried out using a direct-drive type friction-welding machine, which was designed and manufactured for this purpose by us. After friction welding, in order to determine the occurred microstructural changes, the interface regions of the welded specimens are examined by means of OM, SEM, EDS and X-Ray analysis. Microhardness and tensile tests are conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the welded specimens. The experimental results indicate that AISI 4340 tempered steel could be joined to AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel using the friction welding technique and for achieving a weld with sufficient strength. Tensile strength values also confirm this result, and, at the interface, intermetallic phases do not occurred. The maximum tensile strength of 635.66 MPa could be obtained for the joints welded under the welding conditions of rotation speed of 2200 rpm, friction pressure of 40 MPa, forging pressure of 80 MPa, friction time of 6 s, and forging time of 3 s.
dc.description.urihttps://doi.org/10.15407/mfint.37.05.0665
dc.description.urihttps://mfint.imp.kiev.ua/article/v37/i05/MFiNT.37.0665.pdf
dc.description.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mfint.37.05.0665
dc.description.urihttp://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/112021
dc.identifier.doi10.15407/mfint.37.05.0665
dc.identifier.eissn1024-1809
dc.identifier.endpage681
dc.identifier.issn1024-1809
dc.identifier.openairedoi_dedup___::d33cbc6054b1725e0db18ff5463482c3
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7953-1258
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84945414555
dc.identifier.startpage665
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12597/36240
dc.identifier.volume37
dc.publisherNational Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Co. LTD Ukrinformnauka) (Publications)
dc.relation.ispartofMETALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII
dc.rightsOPEN
dc.subject???????????? ?????????????????? ?? ????????????????????????
dc.titleThe Effects of Rotation Speed and Friction Time for Joining of AISI 4340—2205 Steels by Friction Welding
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.api.response{"authors":[{"fullName":"Caligulu, U.","name":"U.","surname":"Caligulu","rank":1,"pid":null},{"fullName":"Yalcinoz, M.","name":"M.","surname":"Yalcinoz","rank":2,"pid":null},{"fullName":"Kati, N.","name":"N.","surname":"Kati","rank":3,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0001-7953-1258"},"provenance":null}},{"fullName":"Balalan, Z.","name":"Z.","surname":"Balalan","rank":4,"pid":null},{"fullName":"Islak, S.","name":"S.","surname":"Islak","rank":5,"pid":null}],"openAccessColor":"gold","publiclyFunded":false,"type":"publication","language":{"code":"und","label":"Undetermined"},"countries":null,"subjects":[{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"0205 materials engineering"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"0203 mechanical engineering"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"02 engineering and technology"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"keyword","value":"???????????? ?????????????????? ?? ????????????????????????"},"provenance":null}],"mainTitle":"The Effects of Rotation Speed and Friction Time for Joining of AISI 4340—2205 Steels by Friction Welding","subTitle":null,"descriptions":["???????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????, ?????????????? ?? ?????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????????????????, ?????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????, ?????????????? ????????????????????????????????????, ???????????????? ???????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????????????? ???? ?????????????????? ?? ???????????????????? ??????????. ??????????????????, ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????, ?????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????. ???????????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?? ???????? ???????????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????, ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????. ?? ?????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????? ???? ???????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? AISI 4340???2205. ?????????????? ???? ???????????????????? ?????????? AISI 4340 ?? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????? AISI 2205, ???????????? ?????????????????? 12 ????, ???????????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ????????????????????. ?????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?? ???????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ????????, ?????????????? ???????? ?????????????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????. ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????, ?? ?????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????. ?????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????? ???? ????????????. ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????, ?????? ???????????????????? ?????????? AISI 4340 ?????????? ?????????????????????? ?? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????? AISI 2205 ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????. ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ???????? ?????????????????? ?? ????, ?????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????????? ???? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ????????. ???????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???? ???????????? 635,66 ?????? ???????? ???????????????????? ?????? ????????????????????, ???????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????: ???????????????? ???????????????? ??? 2200 ????/??????., ???????????????? ???????????? ??? 40 ??????, ???????????????? ?????????????????????? ??? 80 ??????, ?????????? ???????????? ??? 6 ?? ?? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ??? 3 ??.","???????????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????, ???????? ?? ???????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????????, ???? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????????????, ???????????? ????????????????????????????, ???????????????? ???????????????????? ???? ?????????????????? ???? ????????????????. ??????????????????, ?????? ?????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????, ???????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????. ???????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?? ???????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????, ?????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????. ?? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? AISI 4340???2205. ???????????? ?? ?????????????????????????? ?????????? AISI 4340 ?? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? AISI 2205, ???????????? ?????????????????? ?? 12 ????, ?????????????????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????. ???????????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????? ????????, ?????? ???????? ???????????????????????????? ???? ?????????????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????. ?????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????, ?? ?????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????????????? ????????????. ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???? ???????????????????????? ???? ????????????. ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????????, ???? ???????????????????????? ?????????? AISI 4340 ???????? ????????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????? AISI 2205 ?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ?? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ????????????????. ???????????????? ???????????????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ?? ????, ???? ?? ?????????????? ???????????????? ???? ?????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????. ???????????????????????? ???????????????? ???? ???????????? ?? 635,66 ?????? ???????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????, ???????? ???????? ???????????????? ???? ?????????????????? ???????? ????????????????????: ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ??? 2200 ????/????., ???????? ?????????? ??? 40 ??????, ???????? ???????????????????? ??? 80 ??????, ?????? ?????????? ??? 6 ??, ?? ?????? ???????????????????? ??? 3 ??.","Friction welding is a solid state joining process used extensively currently owing to its advantages such as low heat input, high production efficiency, ease of manufacture, and environment friendliness. Materials difficult to be welded by fusion welding processes can be successfully welded by friction welding. In the fusion welding methods for joining different materials, brittle intermetallic compounds phases are produced in the fusion zone, which reduces the strength of the welding joint. In this study, the effects of rotation speed and friction time for joining of AISI 4340???2205 steels welded by friction are investigated. Specimens of AISI 4340 tempered steel and AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel, each of 12 mm diameters, are used to fabricate the joints. The friction welding tests are carried out using a direct-drive type friction-welding machine, which was designed and manufactured for this purpose by us. After friction welding, in order to determine the occurred microstructural changes, the interface regions of the welded specimens are examined by means of OM, SEM, EDS and X-Ray analysis. Microhardness and tensile tests are conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the welded specimens. The experimental results indicate that AISI 4340 tempered steel could be joined to AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel using the friction welding technique and for achieving a weld with sufficient strength. Tensile strength values also confirm this result, and, at the interface, intermetallic phases do not occurred. The maximum tensile strength of 635.66 MPa could be obtained for the joints welded under the welding conditions of rotation speed of 2200 rpm, friction pressure of 40 MPa, forging pressure of 80 MPa, friction time of 6 s, and forging time of 3 s."],"publicationDate":"2016-08-17","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Co. 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