Effects of Single and Repeated Doses on Disposition and Kinetics of Doxycycline Hyclate in Goats

Abstract

The aims of this study in goats were to determine the pharmacokinetics of doxycycline hyclate following single intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral administrations of 20 mg/kg and to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and accumulation of doxycycline hyclate after repeated oral administrations at a 20 mg/kg dose every 24 h for 5 days. Six healthy male goats were used for the study. The study was performed in four periods according to a longitudinal study with a 15-day washout period. Plasma concentrations of doxycycline were determined using HPLC-UV and analyzed by a non-compartmental method. IM injection of doxycycline caused swelling and pain due to irritation in the injection site. After IM and oral administrations, terminal elimination half-life (t1/2λz) and mean residence time (MRT) were prolonged and areas under the curve (AUCs) were low. The mean bioavailability of IM and oral administration was 51.51% and 31.39%, respectively. Following repeated oral administration, the accumulation ratio of doxycycline was 1.76. Pharmacokinetic properties including weak accumulation, wide distribution volume and long elimination half-life can make doxycycline hyclate valuable for repeated use via an oral route in the treatment of some infectious diseases in goats. However, the determination of pharmacodynamic effects on susceptible pathogens isolated from goats is also necessary to confirm the drug dosage regimen.