Browsing by Author "Yilmaz S."

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A comparative evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters between the italian mullet mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) and the turkish mullet chelon auratus (risso 1810)
(2020-01-01) Fazio F.; Saoca C.; Acar Ü.; Tezel R.; Çelik M.; Yilmaz S.; Kesbiç O.; Yalgin F.; Yiğit M.
This study aimed to carry out a comparative evaluation of the hematological profile (erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and Wintrobe index parameters such as mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), in addition to certain biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum total protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides), in the Italian mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) and the Turkish mullet Chelon auratus (Risso 1810). Accordingly, two groups of fish were used in this study: 30 flathead grey mullets, M. cephalus, caught in Lake Faro, Italy, and 30 golden grey mullets, C. auratus, caught in the estuarine channel system of Köyceğiz–Dalyan, Turkey. Statistical evaluations (unpaired t-test) revealed that there were no significant differences in weight or total length values between the two mullet groups. However, the differences between all the evaluated blood parameters (except alanine aminotransferase) between the Italian and the Turkish mullet were significant (P < 0.0001). The present study demonstrated that there were significant hematological and biochemical differences between the Italian (M. cephalus) and the Turkish (C. auratus) mullet. Our findings also contribute to expanding the knowledge on the hematology and biochemistry of two different species of mullet originating from two different habitats. Since the evaluation of blood parameters represents an essential tool in examining the effects of environmental conditions on fish physiology and, consequently, on fish health status, further research in this field is encouraged and would be very useful.
Comparative study on haematological and biochemical parameters of two wild sparid fish species
(2019-01-01) Acar Ü.; Saoca C.; Kesbiç O.; Yilmaz S.; Yigit M.; Inanan B.; Fazio F.
Different feeding habits may affect the blood parameters in fish species of the same family, even if they live in the same marine habitat. The aim of this study was to compare some haematological and biochemical parameters of two marine fish species of the same family, the saupe Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758) and the common two-banded seabream Diplodus vulgaris (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817), and to establish the similarities and differences between these species. For this purpose red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TRIG), cholesterol (CHOL), serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulins (GLO), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined for 30 fish from each species. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in some haematological and biochemical (RBC, Hb, Hct, TP, ALB, GLO, AST, ALT, ALP and LDH) parameters between the two species. Lower values of RBC, Hb and Hct were found in S. salpa in comparison with D. vulgaris. These differences could be attributed to the feeding behavior, life style and habitat adaptation of the different fish species of the same family and contribute to knowledge of reference values of blood parameters in Sarpa salpa and Diplodus vulgaris. No significant differences were found in MCV, MCH, MCHC and GLU, TRIG, CHOL.
Does dietary incorporation level of pea protein isolate influence the digestive system morphology in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)?
(2021-11-01) Demirci B.; Terzi F.; Kesbic O.S.; Acar U.; Yilmaz S.; Kesbic F.I.
In the present study, fish meal (FM) was replaced by pea (Pisum sativum) protein (PP) in diet for Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at levels of 0% (PP0), 25% (PP25), 50% (PP50), 75% (PP75) and 100% (PP100), and the effect of dietary PP level on the digestive system tracts and liver was investigated by micromorphological and histopathological evaluations. Morphometric measurements (mm 100g fish−1) of the liver width and stomach length in rainbow trout were found to be significantly larger (p <0.05) in fish with high-level pea protein as the main protein source (PP75, PP100) compared to the low-level PP replacement group (PP25). No significant differences were found in morphometric measurements for pyloric caecum and intestines among treatment groups, whereas the number of the caecum of fish fed the PP25 diets significantly increased over the control (PP0) (p<0.05). In the histological examination of the liver, mild hydropic and vacuolar degeneration was observed in all experimental groups except PP0 and PP25. The measurements of pyloric caecum fold height, enterocyte length and width of tunica muscularis of the high-level pea protein groups of PP75 and PP100 were significantly higher (p <0.05) compared to the control group. In conclusion, 25% substitution of PP can be suggested for FM in trout diets, because the findings of the present study provided evidence that the digestive system improved by increasing the number of pyloric caecum at this replacement level.
Effects of bergamot (Citrus bergamia) peel oil-supplemented diets on growth performance, haematology and serum biochemical parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
(2020-02-01) Kesbiç O.S.; Acar Ü.; Yilmaz S.; Aydin Ö.D.
The present study investigated the effects of dietary Citrus bergamia peel oil (CBO) on growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Volatile content of C. bergamia peel oil used in study was detected with GC/MS. The 99.47% of the analysed volatile components were identified in decreasing quantities as limonene, linalool and linalyl acetate. The experimental fish were divided into four groups stocked into triplicate tanks (20 fish/tank), and fed daily with an additive-free basal diet containing 0% (CBO0), 0.5% (CBO0.5), 1.0% (CBO1), 2.0% (CBO2) of bergamot peel oil for an 8-week period. Results showed that dietary bergamot peel oil especially at 0.5 g 100 g−1 significantly increased growth performance of fish (p < 0.05). The levels of haemoglobin and haematocrit significantly increased in fish fed with CBO0.5 and CBO1 compared with the CBO0-fed group (p < 0.05), despite no significant difference was observed in CBO2 group (p > 0.05). Highest haematocrit value was found in the CBO0.5 group compared with the control group. The serum glucose of the fish fed with CBO0.5 and CBO1 feeds decreased significantly compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The highest total protein, lowest cholesterol and triglyceride in serum were observed in fish fed with bergamot oil–supplemented groups. According to the results, it was revealed that 0.5% bergamot oil supplementation to Nile tilapia diets optimizes the growth performance, feed utilization and health status related with blood parameters of the fish.
Effects of dietary tribulus terrestris extract supplementation on growth, feed utilization, hematological, immunological, and biochemical variables of nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus
(2014-01-01) Gültepe N.; Acar U.; Sabri Kesbiç O.; Yilmaz S.; Yildirim O.; Türker A.
The present study was conducted for 88 days to evaluate the effect of dietary Tribulus terrestris supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization, and hematological, immunological, and biochemical indices of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. A total of 144 Nile tilapia, average body weight 2.61±0.35 g, were divided into four experimental treatments. There were three replicates of each treatment. Four isonitrogenous (40% CP) and isolipidic (10% CL) experimental diets contained T. terrestris extract at levels of 0, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg respectively. Growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia were significantly higher (p<0.05) in all treatment groups fed with T.terrestris extract supplemented diets than those fed the control diet. There were no significant differences between body composition of fish (p>0.05). Hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and myeloperoxidase variables were not significantly affected by herb extract (p>0.05). However, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) value and lysozyme activity increased with increasing T. terrestris extract (p<0.05). Serum albumin, total protein, and triglyceride levels were not affected by T. terrestris extract. Serum globulin and glucose levels increased and cholesterol levels decreased in Nile tilapia fed with herbal supplemented diets. The results of the present study suggest that Nile tilapia fed diets containing at least 400 mg/kg T. terrestris extract enhanced growth performance, feed utilization, hematological, immunological, and biochemical indices.
Effects of different levels of pomegranate seed oil on some blood parameters and disease resistance against Yersinia ruckeri in rainbow trout
(2018-05-23) Acar Ü.; Parrino V.; Kesbiç O.S.; Lo Paro G.; Saoca C.; Abbate F.; Yilmaz S.; Fazio F.
This study is aimed to assess the effects of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) supplementation on growth performance, some hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters, and disease resistance against Yersinia ruckeri in cultured rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792). 240 fish in total were randomly assigned into four triplicate groups (20 fish/per aquarium) corresponding to four dietary treatments: control (PSO0; no addition of PSO), 0.5% (PSO5), 1.00% (PSO10), and 2.00% (PSO20) of PSO, respectively. After the 60 day-feeding trial, fish blood samples were collected and compared. Statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA) showed a significant (P < 0.05) effect of PSO on red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase parameters in PSO5 and PSO10 with regard to control. Moreover, a pronounced (P < 0.05) increased in weight gain, growth and feed conversion was found in fish fed with PSO supplemented diets. After the feeding trial, fish were challenged with Y. ruckeri and survival recorded for 20 days. Cumulative survival was 45.10% in fish fed with the control diet, whereas in fish fed with PSO5, PSO10, and PSO20 supplemented diets, survival was 58.82, 56.86, and 56.86%, respectively. In conclusion, dietary administration of PSO induced a reduction in mortality of rainbow trout infected with Y. ruckeri, intercalary significant differences occurred on growth performance and some blood values among treated groups. These positive effects of PSO could be considered for new applications in aquaculture.
Effects of herbs and spice on health status of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) challenged with Streptococcus iniae
(2014-01-01) Gültepe N.; Bilen S.; Yilmaz S.; Güroy D.; Aydin S.
Effects of different herbal extracts on the growth and immune defense of fish were researched in the last decade. The aim of this study was to determine the dietary effects of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) as a feed additive on haematology, innate immune response, and disease resistance of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). In total 228 healthy fish tilapia were divided into four groups (57 fish in one group) and fed diets supplemented with thyme, rosemary and fenugreek at levels of 1%, respectively; fish in the control group were fed diet without any spices. Fish were fed ad libitum three times a day for 45 days. All fish of the experimental groups significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced phagocytic activity, haematocrit, white blood cell, red blood cell, neutrophil and monocyte counts in blood. Significant (P < 0.05) increase of plasma myeloperoxidase and lysozyme activity was found in fish receiving a feed supplemented with fenugreek after 30 days. Respiratory burst activity was non-significantly (P > 0.05) changed during the whole experiment. After 45 days of feeding, fish were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μl of Streptococcus iniae (8 × 108 colony forming unit). The cumulative mortality was 22%, 27% and 31% in fish receiving diets supplemented with 1% thyme, rosemary and fenugreek, respectively, compared to 61% mortality in the control group. The results indicate that all three supplements used improved the haematological status, non-specific immune response and disease resistance of tilapia against S. iniae; this is the first similar study.
Effects of Monterey Cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw) Leaf Essential Oil as a Dietary Supplement on Growth Performance and Haematological and Biochemical Parameters of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
(2020-10-01) Kesbiç O.S.; Parrino V.; Acar Ü.; Yilmaz S.; Paro G.L.; Fazio F.
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is the most farmed freshwater fish worldwide. In recent years, use of natural products in fish diets has become popular in aquaculture, to improve fish health and growth performance. The present study investigated the effects of essential oil from the leaves of Monterey cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa; CMEO) on growth performance and blood parameters in common carp fingerlings. Identification of 96.1% of the CMEO total volatile components was achieved, with the highest contents for terpinen-4-ol and α-pinene, at 22.9% and 47.7%, respectively. After 60 days of feeding of the fingerlings with supplemented diets without CMEO (CMEO 0%) and with CMEO at 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%, the best growth performance was seen for those fish fed with the CMEO 0.5% diet. No significant differences were seen for the haematological parameters and blood cell indices versus CMEO 0%. Serum glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and glutamic pyruvic transaminase were significantly reduced in the fingerlings fed with the CMEO 0.5% diet versus CMEO 0%. Thus, CMEO oil as a 0.5% dietary supplement can be used to improve the growth performance and health status of the common carp without any adverse effects seen.
Evaluation of Dietary Protein Level in Practical Feed for Twoband Bream Diplodus vulgaris
(2018-10-01) Yigit M.; Sahinyilmaz M.; Acar Ü.; Kesbic O.; Yilmaz S.; Bulut M.; Gürses K.; Maita M.
The effects of different dietary protein levels on growth performance and health status of TwobandBream Diplodus vulgaris juveniles were investigated. Three test diets that had increasing protein levels (30, 36, and 42%) and used fish meal as the protein source were formulated. Each of the test diets was fed in triplicate groups of 28 juvenile fish (initial weight, 23.65 ± 0.34 [mean ± SD]) to satiety for a period of 80 d. Growth performance and feed utilization were best in the group fed the diet with a protein level of 36%. Ammonia nitrogen excretion showed an increasing trend as dietary protein levels increased, and retention rates of ammonia nitrogen per intake were highest in fish fed the 42% protein diet. Whole-body proximate composition and hematological variables were not significantly affected by protein level in the diets. However, serum glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values were significantly affected by dietary protein level and showed an increasing trend as the dietary protein level in the diets increased. As a result, an improved health status of Twoband Bream was observed in the fish fed a 36% protein level.
Evaluation of the effects of essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth rate of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and possible disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae
(2015-02-01) Acar U.; Kesbiç O.S.; Yilmaz S.; Gültepe N.; Türker A.
The study was performed to determine the effect of dietary essential oil (citrus EO) extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth performance, blood parameters and resistance against the Streptococcus iniae in Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Fish were divided into 4 groups and fed for 90. days with four experimental diets (3 supplemented diets with 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% of citrus EO and a control group). Then the main immune parameters such as lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activity, hematological and biochemical variables (i.e., hemoglobin, hematocrit levels, erythrocyte indices, serum total protein, glucose, albumin, globulin, cholesterol and triglyceride) were investigated. Results of this study showed that for tilapia fed with citrus EO all parameters were significantly higher than the control group. Moreover, addition of citrus EO into diets reduced fish mortality after S. iniae infection. It can be concluded that citrus EO can act as a growth promoter, increase immunity and also improve disease resistance to S. iniae infection in tilapia. Thus it can be used as an antibiotics replacer for controlling diseases in tilapia feed.
Gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) meal as an alternative major protein in feeds for rainbow trout juveniles (oncorhynchus mykiss)
(2019-01-01) Acar U.; Kesbic O.S.; Yilmaz S.; Kesbic F.I.; Gultepe N.
In this study, the effects of gibel carp meal (GFM) application as a protein source on growth performance, fillet composition, feed digestion and haematological and serum biochemical indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were evaluated. Replacement of anchovy fish meal (AFM) with GFM was performed at 0%, 50% and 100% levels (GFM0, GFM50 and GFM100). After 60 days of feeding the best nutritional performance was obtained in the GFM100 group. There was no significant difference in crude moisture, crude protein, crude lipid or crude ash contents in fish fillet between the GFM0, GFM50 and GFM100 groups. No side effects were observed in hematological and serum biochemical indices of rainbow trout. Dry matter, crude protein and crude lipid digestibility coefficients did not differ significantly in experimental groups. As a conclusion, the results of the study suggested that the GFM could be used totally as a replacer of AFM in diets for rainbow trout without the adverse effects on growth performance, feed use, feed digestion, hematological and serum biochemical parameters of fish.
Human exposure to trace elements via farmed and cage aggregated wild Axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) in a copper alloy cage site in the Northern Aegean Sea
(2018-12-01) Yigit M.; Dwyer R.; Celikkol B.; Yilmaz S.; Bulut M.; Buyukates Y.; Kesbic O.S.; Acar Ü.; Ozalp B.; Maita M.; Ergün S.
Axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) farmed in a copper alloy mesh pen and wild individuals of P. acarne aggregated near the copper-alloy cages presented higher concentrations of trace metals in the liver, skin and gills than in fish muscle tissues in two batches of small and large fish sizes. Elevated mean levels of metals (mg kg−1) in muscle tissues in both small and large fish size groups were observed in the rank order of Zn(3.43) > Fe(3.01) > Cu(0.59) > Mn(0.13) and Fe(3.82) > Zn(3.32) > Cu(0.62) > Mn(0.17) for copper cage-farmed fish, relative to ranked mean levels for Zn(2.64) > Fe(1.95) > Cu(0.25) > Mn(0.09) and Fe(5.79) > Zn(3.58) > Cu(0.58) > Mn(0.28) for the copper cage-aggregated wild fish. Nevertheless, trace metal concentrations in fish harvested from the copper cage or those of the cage-aggregated wild individuals in both size groups were far below maximum levels of seafood safety recommended by USEPA and FAO/WHO. Target hazard quotients, calculated to estimate the non-carcinogenic health risks of metals by consuming these fish, were below “1″ (THQ < 1), indicating that there were no potential health risks for humans when consuming copper-caged fish or wild-caught individuals aggregated around the copper mesh pen, with respect to the limits suggested by US Food and Drug Administration and EU Regulations for Seafood Consumption.
Influence of tetra (Cotinus coggygria) extract against Vibrio anguillarum infection in koi carp, Cyprinus carpio with reference to haematological and immunological changes
(2013-12-09) Bilen S.; Yilmaz S.; Bilen A.
In this study, the effect of the methanolic extract of tetra (Cotinus coggygria) against Vibrio anguillarum in cultured koi carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) was investigated. Three different concentrations of tetra extract (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 g kg-1 of feed) were individually mixed with the basal diet and fed to koi (average body weight of 4,14±0,08 g) for a 4-week period to assess the immunomodulatory characteristics of tetra. At the end of the study, koi was challenged with a strain of Vibrio anguillarum (108 CFU ml-1). Growth performance was not affected by dietary tetra extract intake (P>0.05). Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) activity was found to be the highest in the 1.5 g kg-1 containing group. Lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activity of the experimental groups was significantly improved in the tetra groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). Red blood cell and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were higher in 1 g kg-1 tetra containing group (P<0.05). This study shows that the koi treated with 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g kg-1 tetra extract prior the challenge with live V. anguillarum had 37.50%, 31.94%, 18.06% and 12.50% mortality. According to study results, tetra is an effective non-specific immunostimulant for koi. © Published by Central Fisheries Research Institute (CFRI) Trabzon, Turkey.
Temporal Variations in Hematological, Immunological and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Acclimated to High-Saline Water in the Northern Aegean Sea
(2023-01-01) Buyukates Y.; Kesbiç O.; Yigit M.; Yilmaz S.; Ergün S.; Bulut M.; Ozalp B.
The present study evaluated the health status of rainbow trout (30.24±5.34 g) acclimated to high-saline water (28‰). Among adaptation procedures, gradually-acclimated (for 48 h) fish showed best performance, which were then introduced to the offshore cage-farm for further monitoring of fish health in marine environment over a long-term period of 100 days, until harvest weight of 319.9±48.51 g. Fish health and welfare was evaluated by means of biochemical parameters (viscerasomatic index, hepatosomatic index, mesenteric fat index, and spleen somatic index), hematological parameters (serum glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin), and immune parameters (lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, respiratory burst and potential killing values). Gradual acclimation to high-saline water did not show any adverse effects on health parameters. No significant differences were found in biometric measures (P>0.05). However, a time-dependent increase was recorded in hematology markers (P<0.05) after seawater transfer, and the health status improved over long term from March 7 to June 14, 2018. All serum biochemical markers, except the total protein showed significant alterations (P<0.05) in long term but without detrimental influence by day 100. Therefore, it seems possible to expand trout farms from brackish water sites to higher saline environments up to 28‰ salinity, with no detrimental impacts on fish health, that in turn may significantly contribute to the extension of potential aquaculture sites to wider areas.
The use of Avena sativa extract against Aeromonas hydrophila and its effect on growth performance, hematological and immunological parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
(2016-01-01) Baba E.; Acar Ü.; Öntaş C.; Kesbiç O.; Yilmaz S.
In this research the effects of oat Avena sativa extract on the non-specific immune system of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was examined. For this purpose, the fishes (average weight 9.91 ± 1.52 g) were fed with 5 g kg -1, 10g kg-1 and 20 g kg -1 oat extract supplemented diets for 60 days. Following 60 days of feeding, the fishes were injected with Aeromonas hydrophila and mortalities were recorded. Lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activity, improved in all groups that received feed supplemented with oat extract. Serum glucose and cholesterol decreased while total protein and albumin in fish increased with the use of the diet supplement with oat extract. Haemoglobin (Hb), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) increased with diet supplemented with oat extract. Oat extract at the concentration of 10 g kg-1 showed significantly higher relative percentage survival (67%) when compared with the control against A. hydrophila injection. Also the dietary supplementation with oat extract caused a significant increase in growth parameters (final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), when compared to non-supplemented control basal diet. The results suggest that A. sativa extract can be used as a feed supplement to enhance fish immune response and disease resistance against A. hydrophila.
Unrefined Peanut Oil as a Lipid Source in Diets for Juveniles of Two-banded Seabream Diplodus vulgaris
(2016-01-02) Kesbiç O.S.; Acar Ü.; Yigit M.; Bulut M.; Gültepe N.; Yilmaz S.
A feeding study with Two-banded Seabream Diplodus vulgaris was conducted to determine the effects of replacement of fish oil (FO) by unrefined peanut oil (PO) on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, fatty acid composition, and serum biochemical and hematological variables. Three isonitrogenous (35.8%) and isoenergetic (21.15 kJ/g) diets were formulated by replacing dietary FO with PO at levels of level 0% (PO0), 50% (PO50), or 100% (PO100). Fish were fed twice a day until satiation for an experimental period of 8 weeks. The best growth performance was observed in fish fed with the PO0 and PO50 diets. A significant increase was observed in hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume levels of fish fed with PO50 diet compared with the other groups. Hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, total protein, albumin, and globulin were not affected by dietary PO treatment and did not differ among experimental groups. The glucose level was highest in the PO100 group. Triglyceride and cholesterol levels were lower in fish fed diets with PO inclusions than in those fed the control diet. The fatty acid composition of fish was significantly affected by the experimental diets. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvictransaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase were not affected by dietary PO treatment. The n-3:n-6 ratio in fish fed the PO0 diet was also higher than in fish fed the PO-supplemented diets. The results of the present study showed that FO could be substituted by PO up to 50% in Two-banded Seabream diets without any negative effect on growth performance or serum biochemical and hematological features.