Browsing by Author "Ozyilmaz, Ayfer"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Effects of public expenditures on environmental pollution: evidence from G-7 countries.
(2023-05-22T00:00:00Z) Ozyilmaz, Ayfer; Bayraktar, Yuksel; Olgun, Mehmet Firat
In this study, the effect of public expenditures and, their sub-components on environmental pollution is discussed in G-7 countries. Two different periods were used in the study. These are the period 1997-2020 for general public expenditure, and the period 2008-2020 for public expenditure sub-components. For cointegration, Westerlund cointegration test was used, and according to the analysis result there is a cointegration relationship between general government expenditure and environmental pollution. Panel Fourier Toda-Yamamoto causality test was used to determine the causality relationship between public expenditures and environmental pollution and the result indicates that there is bidirectional causality between public expenditures and CO on a panel basis. For models estimation, System the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method was used. The findings of the study indicate that general public expenditures decrease environmental pollution. Considering at the results of the sub-components of public expenditures, housing and community amenities, social protection, health expenditure, economic affairs, recreation, culture & religion expenditures have a negative effect on environmental pollution. Other control variables generally have a statistically significant effect on environmental pollution. Energy consumption and population density increase environmental pollution but environmental policy stringency index, renewable energy and GDP per capita reduce environmental pollution.
Socio-Economic, Demographic and Health Determinants of the COVID-19 Outbreak.
(2022-04-18T00:00:00Z) Ozyilmaz, Ayfer; Bayraktar, Yuksel; Toprak, Metin; Isik, Esme; Guloglu, Tuncay; Aydin, Serdar; Olgun, Mehmet Firat; Younis, Mustafa
In this study, the effects of social and health indicators affecting the number of cases and deaths of the COVID-19 pandemic were examined. For the determinants of the number of cases and deaths, four models consisting of social and health indicators were created.
The Relationship between Health Expenditures and Economic Growth in EU Countries: Empirical Evidence Using Panel Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test and Regression Models.
(2022-11-16T00:00:00Z) Ozyilmaz, Ayfer; Bayraktar, Yuksel; Isik, Esme; Toprak, Metin; Er, Mehmet Bilal; Besel, Furkan; Aydin, Serdar; Olgun, Mehmet Firat; Collins, Sandra
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of health expenditures on economic growth in the period 2000-2019 in 27 European Union (EU) countries. First, the causality relationship between the variables was analyzed using the panel Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality test. The findings demonstrate a bidirectional causality relationship between health expenditures and economic growth on a panel basis. Secondly, the effects of health expenditures on economic growth were examined using the Random Forest Method for the panel and then for each country. According to the Random Forest Method, health expenditures positively affected economic growth, but on the country basis, the effect was different. Then, government health expenditures, private health expenditures, and out-of-pocket expenditures were used, and these three variables were ranked in order of importance in terms of their effects on growth using the Random Forest Method. Accordingly, government health expenditures were the most important variable for economic growth. Finally, Support Vector Regression, Gaussian Process Regression, and Decision Tree Regression models were designed for the simulation of the data used in this study, and the performances of the designed models were analyzed.