Browsing by Author "Kuzmina N."
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Scopus Change of Aluminum Concentrations in Specific Plants by Species, Organ, Washing, and Traffic Density(2023-02-01) Kuzmina N.; Menshchikov S.; Mohnachev P.; Zavyalov K.; Petrova I.; Ozel H.B.; Aricak B.; Onat S.M.; Sevik H.One of the most critical problems throughout the world is air pollution, causing the death of millions of individuals annually, and it is reported that 90% of the global population breathes polluted air. Among the components of air pollution, the most harmful ones are the heavy metals, which can remain non-degraded in nature for a long time, bio-accumulate in living organisms, and be toxic or carcinogenic at low concentrations. Hence, monitoring and reducing heavy metal pollution in the air are high-priority research topics. Heavy metals can accumulate within various organs of plants grown in an environment with an increased level of heavy metal pollution. The metal analyses on these organs can provide insight into the heavy metal pollution in the air. In the present study, the concentrations of aluminum (Al), one of the most important heavy metals, were determined in the different organs of five plant species grown in regions with different traffic densities. Remarkable changes were observed in the Al concentrations in all the organs of species, which were examined here by organ and traffic density. The highest values were obtained from the organs of plants grown in no-traffic regions.Scopus REsponse of scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.), Sukachyov’s larch (Larix sukaczewii Dylis), and Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) to magnesite dust in Satkinsky industrial hub(2018-01-01) Zavyalov K.; Menshikov S.; Mohnachev P.; Kuzmina N.; Potapenko A.; Ayan S.Deforestation due to air pollution is a serious problem in industrial sites. Aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of magnesite dust on growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Sukachyov’s larch (Larix sukaczewii Dylis; Syn. Larix sibirica Ledeb.) and Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) planted in soil plots between 1980 and 1983 in Satkinsky District, Chelyabinsk. The trees in zones of moderate and low pollution survived, while those in strongly polluted zones died with the exception of Silver birch in soils ameliorated with 12 cm thick peat layer. However, in the zone of strong pollution, coniferous species treated with only 2 cm thick peat layer and weak sulphuric acid solution, grew better than the Silver birch. Twelve centimetres of peat layers could mitigate dust impact on Silver birch, while their 2 cm thickness was not adequate. The dust pollution hit the plants at strongly polluted sites more severely than those at sites with moderate and low pollution. Silver birch and Scots pine trees were more severely impacted by dust pollution compared to Sukachyov’s larch trees. Soil remediation is needed in strongly affected areas. While soil remediation is not needed at moderately and low affected sites, these sites should be monitored to avoid their degradation.Scopus Retrospective assessment on Scots pine stands situated far and near Chernobyl fallout areas(2019-01-01) Potapenko A.; Bulko N.; Kozlov A.; Mohnachev P.; Kuzmina N.; Zavyalov K.; Ayan S.The high radiosensitivity of woody plants and the large forest areas polluted by Chernobyl fallout demand assessment of radiation effect on the forest ecosystems components. This research aims to study the state of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands located in the far and near areas contaminated by Chernobyl fallout, and to assess the current dose loads on the structural elements of the trees 30 years after the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) accident. The study was conducted in radioactively contaminated Scots pine stands, which are the near and far areas,in the Chernobyl fallout areas. The experimental plots were established during the period from 1991 to 2006 inside Scots pine stands from the II–IV age classes. The retrospective assessment of dose loads of the Scots pine was conducted according to the data obtained on 13 experimental plots located in the far area of the Chernobyl fallout through the software RESRAD-BIOTA 1.5 (11/18/2009). The condition of pine stands in the near areas has significantly worsened since the accident, compared to their condition before the accident. The changes in the state of the pine stands after the accident were characterized by their strong weakening. Ambiguous trends were also observed in the stability of stands depending on the type of forest and land relief. In 1986, the radionuclide 134Cs accounted for 25 % of the total amount of soil pollution by mixture (134Сs + 137Сs) in pine stands. However, in 1995, this amount decreased to 2.5 %. The state of the Scots pine stands after the accident were characterized by their strong weakening.Scopus Scotch pine regeneration in magnesite pollution conditions in South Ural, Russia(2018-06-01) Mohnachev P.; Menshikov S.; Makhniova S.; Zavyalov K.; Kuzmina N.; Potapenko A.; Ayan S.; Laaribya S.Background and Purpose: Technogenic load is considered to be one of the major factors which destabilize forest ecosystems. The impact of chronic aero technogenic pollution near large industrial centers severely affects the plants in these areas; thus, plants cannot fulfill their aesthetic and air-cleaning role. Therefore, many studies have been carried out on technogenic pollution and particularly on magnesite pollution. The aim of the study is to investigate characteristics of the Scotch pine natural regeneration process under the forest canopy in magnesite pollution conditions. Materials and Methods: The research was carried in an aero-technogenic emission zone of Kombinat Magnezit, in South Ural, Russia. The purpose is to assess the soil suitability for reforestation in various degrees (PS-2: High pollution zone, PS- 5: Average pollution zone, PS-3: Low pollution zone, PS-4: Very weak pollution zone, and PS-K: Control area) of magnesite pollution. Experimental Plots (PS) are in similar conditions regarding forest vegetation. The major factors that can influence the natural regeneration, such as the quantity of seeds produced by the parents trees, stand density (the number of trees per 1 ha), the composition of the upper horizon of the soil and height, its density, live ground cover (LGC) phytomass and pH of the upper root-inhabited soil layer have been measured. Results: The results of this study showed that in PS-K conditions a large number of seeds, thin forest litter, small phytomass of alive ground cover, and slightly acidic pH of the root zone of the soil can be found. The dense forest laying, generally composed of fresh and weakly decomposed layers, inhibits seed germination from reaching the mineral soil layer, which results in mortality. Conclusions: It was evaluated that the success of natural regeneration is effected by the stand density and the occurrence of undergrowth of Scots pine. Soil remediation can positively affect the natural rejuvenation process. Moreover, seed supplementation can play a major role in successful natural rejuvenation.Scopus The possibility of using scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles as biomonitor in the determination of heavy metal accumulation(2020-01-01) Alaqouri H.A.A.; Ozer Genc C.; Aricak B.; Kuzmina N.; Menshikov S.; Cetin M.Heavy metals can remain in nature for a long time without deterioration and their concentration in the environment is constantly increasing. In addition, some may have toxic or carcinogenic effects even at low concentrations, while some others which act as micronutrients can have toxic effects for humans at high concentrations. Therefore, determining heavy metal concentrations is of great importance towards identifying risk zones and risk levels. The main sources of heavy metals are industrial plants where heavy metal ores are processed. In this study, the Combine Magnesite operating in Russia which entails-”processing and mining of magnesite ore”-was examined for Mg, Al, Fe, Mn and Ca concentrations by analysing the samples taken from the 1-and 2-year-old needles of scots pines grown at 1, 3, 10 and 25 km distances. As a result of the study, it was determined that the concentrations of heavy metals subject to the study vary depending on the distance, especially the Mg concentration which exhibited a significant decrease the farther the trees were. We determined that the concentrations recorded in the 2-year-old needles at almost all points were higher than the 1-year-old needles, and could even exceed this difference several times.Scopus The possibility of using Scots pine needles as biomonitor in determination of heavy metal accumulation(2020-06-01) Alaqouri H.A.A.; Genc C.O.; Aricak B.; Kuzmina N.; Menshikov S.; Cetin M.One of the biggest problems of modern world is the air pollution which causes the death of millions of people every year. The heavy metals included in the component of air pollution occupy an important position in human health since they could remain intact in nature for a long time and build bioaccumulation, and also some of them are toxic or carcinogenic even at some low concentrations. Even the heavy metals functioning as micronutrient element could create toxic effect for human beings at the high concentrations. For this reason, the determination of the heavy metal concentration has an important role in terms of the detection of risky regions and risky level. One of the primary sources of heavy metals is industrial plants where the heavy metal ores are processed. Those regions might have risks at high level in terms of particular heavy metals. Consequently, it is significant to find out in which level they influence the area around these plants and to what extent the heavy metal pollution is effective. In this study, Ba, Zn, Cd, K, and Na concentrations are determined by analyzing the samples which are taken from 1- and 2-year-old needles of Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing in 1 km, 3 km, 10 km and 25 km distances around a processing and mining of magnesite ore in Russia. In the end of the study, it is concluded that generally, the concentrations of heavy metals subject to the study are increasing depending upon the distance, and this increase is quite apparent in some elements, and finally in many points, the concentrations determined in 2-year-old needles have higher levels than 1-year-old needles.