Browsing by Author "Kaya M."

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A dog of rostral segmental mandibular fracture and its treatment via interdental loop wiring technique
(2019-01-01) Kaya M.; Doǧan E.; Okumuş Z.
In this case report, the treatment of segmental fracture by interdental loop wiring technique on the left side of the rostral region of the mandible in a 2-year-old male, Terrier breed dog was described. Mandibular fracture occurred due to the attack of another dog. In the clinical examination, there were no pathological symptoms related to neurological findings, respiratory system or the general condition. However, it was determined that the mouth of the animal could not close completely. Gingival laceration was evident. In the preoperative radiographic evaluation, a fracture line was observed between the left mandibular first premolar and the first incisor teeth. The roots of the left canine and the left first premolar teeth were also fractured. Mandibular fracture was reduced via interdental loop wiring after these two teeth were extracted. On the 24th postoperative day, clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed which revealed that this non-invasive fixation method achieved a complete fracture healing without complications. Interdental loop wiring may be used successfully in segmental mandibular fractures in dogs.
A new pollen-derived microcarrier for pantoprazole delivery
(2017-02-01) Akyuz L.; Sargin I.; Kaya M.; Ceter T.; Akata I.
Plant-derived carriers have emerged as promising materials for drug encapsulation. Especially, sporopollenin microcapsules extracted from diverse pollen species have been proved to be effective drug carriers due to their biocompatibility, homogeneity in size, resistance to harsh chemical conditions and high thermal stability. Here in this study, sporopollenin microcapsules were isolated successfully from the pollens of a common tree (Corylus avellana, the European hazelnut) and used as a carrier for pantoprazole (PaNa) (a proton pump inhibitor). The drug entrapment efficiency was recorded as 29.81%. SEM micrographs clearly showed the drug was loaded into the microcapsules through the apertures of microcapsule and also some drugs were adsorbed on the surface of microcapsules. FT-IR spectra analysis confirmed the drug loading. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that thermal stability of PaNa was enhanced by encapsulation. In vitro release studies showed that PaNa-loaded sporopollenin microcapsules exhibited better release performance than the control. C. avellana sporopollenin microcapsules can make an efficient carrier for delivery of PaNa.
Chitosan Loses Innate Beneficial Properties after Being Dissolved in Acetic Acid: Supported by Detailed Molecular Modeling
(2020-12-14) Bilican I.; Pekdemir S.; Onses M.S.; Akyuz L.; Altuner E.M.; Koc-Bilican B.; Zang L.S.; Mujtaba M.; Mulerčikas P.; Kaya M.
Chitosan, which is obtained via deacetylation of chitin, has a variety of uses in agriculture, food, medicine, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Industrial chitosan is in a gel form, which is produced by dissolving in acetic acids. These gels can be chitosan-only films or composite films that include other ingredients such as plant extracts or other polymers. Chitosan-based films, however, are not as natural as chitosan dissolved in weak acids, and they lack some of chitosan's innate properties. In this study, natural chitosan films (NCFs) were obtained from the pupa shells of black soldier flies through a process that maintains the original structure. The semisynthetic film (SCF) was then produced by dissolving the same NCF in acetic acid along with glycerol and glutaraldehyde. The semisynthetic film remarkably lost the beneficial properties of the natural film. The deteriorated characteristics include hydrophobicity, crystallinity, thermal properties, as well as a loss of fibril structure and a reduction in bacterial attachment. Moreover, the Ag-deposited NCFs manifested strikingly higher surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity as compared with the semisynthetic ones. These results, including the molecular modeling data, demonstrate that dissolving chitosan in acetic acid changes its polymeric structure.
Controlled release and anti-proliferative effect of imatinib mesylate loaded sporopollenin microcapsules extracted from pollens of Betula pendula
(2017-12-01) Sargin I.; Akyuz L.; Kaya M.; Tan G.; Ceter T.; Yildirim K.; Ertosun S.; Aydin G.H.; Topal M.
Sporopollenin is a promising material for drug encapsulation due to its excellent properties; uniformity in size, non-toxicity, chemically and thermally resilient nature. Herein, morphologically intact sporopollenin microcapsules were extracted from Betula pendula pollens. Cancer therapeutic agent (imatinib mesylate) was loaded into the microcapsules. The encapsulation efficiency by passive loading technique was found to be 21.46%. Release behaviour of the drug from microcapsules was found to be biphasic, with an initial fast release followed by a slower rate of release. Imatinib mesylate release from the drug itself (control) was faster than from imatinib mesylate-loaded sporopollenin microcapsules. The release profiles for both free and entrapped drug samples were significantly slower and more controlled in PBS buffer (pH 7.4) than in HCl (pH 1.2) buffer. Cumulative drug release from IM-MES-loaded sporopollenin microcapsules was found to be 65% within 24 h for PBS, whereas release from the control was completed within 1 h. Also, a complete dissolution of control in HCl buffer was observed within first 30 min. MTT assay revealed that drug-loaded microcapsules were effective on WiDr human colon carcinoma cell line. B. pendula sporopollenin can be suggested as an effective carrier for oral delivery of imatinib mesylate.
Design and application of sporopollenin microcapsule supported palladium catalyst: Remarkably high turnover frequency and reusability in catalysis of biaryls
(2017-01-15) Baran T.; Sargin I.; Kaya M.; Menteş A.; Ceter T.
Bio-based catalyst support materials with high thermal and structural stability are desired for catalysts systems requiring harsh conditions. In this study, a thermally stable palladium catalyst (up to 440 °C) was designed from sporopollenin, which occurs naturally in the outer exine layer of pollens and is widely acknowledged as chemically very stable and inert biological material. Catalyst design procedure included (1) extraction of sporopollenin microcapsules from Betula pendula pollens (∼25 μm), (2) amino-functionalisation of the microcapsules, (3) Schiff base modification and (4) preparation of Pd(II) catalyst. The catalytic activity of the sporopollenin microcapsule supported palladium catalyst was tested in catalysis of biaryls by following a fast, simple and green microwave-assisted method. We recorded outstanding turnover number (TON: 40,000) and frequency (TOF: 400,000) for the catalyst in Suzuki coupling reactions. The catalyst proved to be reusable at least in eight cycles. The catalyst can be suggested for different catalyst systems due to its thermal and structural durability, reusability, inertness to air and its eco-friendly nature.
Effects of different internal temperature applications on quality properties of heat-treated sucuk during production
(2020-06-01) Armutcu Ü.; Hazar F.Y.; Yılmaz Oral Z.F.; Kaban G.; Kaya M.
This study was carried out to determine the effects of different internal temperature (60°C and 68°C) applications on physicochemical and microbiological properties of heat-treated sucuk as well as on volatile compounds and textural properties. Pediococcus acidilactici S147 strain was used as starter culture. Samples taken during the production stages was analyzed. Analysis of volatile compound profile and instrumental texture properties were carried out in the final product. The production stage factor had a significant effect on of pH, aw, TBARS, lactic acid bacteria, a* and b* values at p <.01 level. This factor also had an effect on L* value at p <.05 level. Lactic acid bacteria count and pH value have also been affected from internal temperature application. In contrast, different internal temperature applications did not have very significant effects on volatile compound profile (except acetic acid). About 68°C internal temperature application increased resilience, springiness, and chewiness of samples. Practical applications: Heat-treated sucuk is a semi-dry fermented sausage. It is produced by applying three main processes: a short fermentation, heat treatment, and drying. In this study, effects of two different internal temperature applications (60°C and 68°C) on heat-reated sucuk are investigated. According to the results of the research, lactic acid bacteria count decreases significantly when internal temperature is increased to 68°C from 60°C. No significant differences in terms of color is observed. Application of an internal temperature of 68°C increases resilience, springiness, and chewiness values. However, desired properties can generally be provided at both temperatures.
Expression patterns of Toll-like receptors in the ovine corpus luteum during the early pregnancy and prostaglandin F2α-induced luteolysis
(2018-04-15) Atli M.; Kose M.; Hitit M.; Kaya M.; Bozkaya F.
The aim of this study was to elucidate the expression profiles of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the ovine corpus luteum (CL) during early pregnancy and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α)-induced luteolysis. For this purpose, multiparous Anatolian Merino ewes were selected and randomly allotted into cyclic (including those in the induced luteolysis group, n = 20) and pregnant (n = 12) groups. All of the ewes were scheduled to be slaughtered for predetermined days/hour during the estrous cycle, early pregnancy, and PGF2α induced luteolysis. The CLs were collected from both cyclic and pregnant ewes on days 12 (C12 and P12; n = 8) and 16 (C16 and P16; n = 8) and pregnant ewes on day 22 (P22; n = 4). For the induced luteolysis model, ewes were injected with PGF2α on day 12 of the estrous cycle and CLs were collected at 1 h (PG1h; n = 4), 4 h (PG4h; n = 4), and 16 h (PG16h, n = 4) after injection. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to evaluate the expression profiles of TLR2, TLR4, TLR6, TLR8, and TLR10, while free-floating in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to define the spatial localization of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR7 in the CL. Data were then analyzed by one-way ANOVA and were considered statistically significant when P values were lower than 0.05. Expression of TLR2 was upregulated in both early and late stages of luteolysis (P <.05). An upregulation of TLR4 was detected at PG16h, while TLR6 was decreased at PG4h (P <.05). Expression of TLR7 and TLR8 was significantly increased during early pregnancy, at both PG16h and regressed groups (C16, P <.05). In contrast, TLR10 was downregulated during PGF2α-induced luteolysis and on P16 (P <.05). TLR4 and TLR7 proteins were particularly localized in endothelial cells on C12/PG0h, but prominent signals corresponding to TLR4 and TLR7 were detected in luteal cells at PG16h. The results suggest an involvement of TLRs in the luteolytic mechanism in ovine CL, as indicated by differential expression levels of TLRs during PGF2α-induced luteolysis. Moreover, the present study indicates that early pregnancy-mediated changes in TLR expression in the CL may contribute to the establishment and maintenance of ovine pregnancy.
Incorporation of sporopollenin enhances acid–base durability, hydrophobicity, and mechanical, antifungal and antioxidant properties of chitosan films
(2017-03-25) Kaya M.; Akyuz L.; Sargin I.; Mujtaba M.; Salaberria A.M.; Labidi J.; Cakmak Y.S.; Koc B.; Baran T.; Ceter T.
Sporopollenin-chitosan blend films were produced for the first time. Sporopollenin is a robust structural component of plant pollens exhibiting excellent features such as nontoxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, high thermal stability, durability to strong acid and base solutions and homogeneity in size. To benefit from these advantages, sporopollenin samples obtained from Betula pendula (silver birch) were incorporated into chitosan film at different concentration; 10, 20 and 40 mg in 100 mL chitosan gel (1%). Stereo microscopy, FT-IR and TG/DTG analyses showed that sporopollenin was successfully incorporated into the chitosan matrix. Incorporation of sporopollenin in gradually increasing amount into chitosan films was found advantageous in (1) enhancement in chemical durability of the films, (2) increment of hydrophobicity, (3) boosting the mechanical properties, (4) improvement of antifungal and (5) antioxidant activities. This study revealed that sporopollenin can be suggested as an effective blend material for biodegradable edible chitosan film production.
Köpeklerde Vazektominin Uzun Dönem Sonuçlarının Değerlendirilmesi
(2012) Kaya M.; Doğan E.; Okumuş Z
Microbiological properties and volatile compounds of salted-dried goose
(2020-04-01) Kaban G.; Kızılkaya P.; Börekçi B.S.; Hazar F.Y.; Kabil E.; Kaya M.
Salted-dried goose is a traditional Turkish product with specific flavor that is produced by dry salting, post-salting, and subsequently air-drying of the goose carcass. In this study, the leg and breast parts of salted-dried goose carcasses were analyzed in terms of microbiological properties and volatile compounds. Lactic acid bacteria and Micrococcus-Staphylococcus bacteria constituted a significant part of microbiota in both leg and breast samples. The Enterobacteriaceae count was below the detectable level (<2 log cfu g-1) in 60% of the leg samples and in 47% of the breast samples. The yeast–mold count was less than 5 log cfu g-1 in 80% of both leg and breast samples. Many volatile compounds belonging to different chemical groups, including aldehydes, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, alcohols, terpenes, ketones, sulfur compounds, and furans, were identified from samples. The breast samples showed a higher mean amount of hexanal than the leg samples. No significant difference was found between the breast and leg samples in terms of ketones and sulfur compounds. It was also determined that a considerable part of volatile compounds is formed by lipid oxidation.
Newly isolated sporopollenin microcages from Cedrus libani and Pinus nigra as carrier for Oxaliplatin; xCELLigence RTCA-based release assay
(2022-01-01) Mujtaba M.; Yilmaz B.A.; Cansaran-Duman D.; Akyuz L.; Yangın S.; Kaya M.; Çeter T.; Khawar K.M.
Sporopollenin-mediated control drug delivery has been studied extensively owing to its desirable physicochemical and biological properties. Herein, sporopollenin was successfully extracted from C. libani and P. nigra pollens followed by loading of a commonly known anticancer drug Oxaliplatin. Drug loading and physicochemical features were confirmed by using light microscopy, FT-IR, SEM and TGA. For the first-time, real-time cell analyzer system xCELLigence was employed to record the Oxaliplatin loaded sporopollenin-mediated cell death (CaCo-2 and Vero cells) in real time. Both the release assays confirmed the slow release of oxaliplatin from sporopollenin for around 40–45 h. The expression of MYC and FOXO-3 genes has been significantly increased in CaCo2 cell and decreased non-cancerous Vero cell confirming the fact that sporopollenin-mediated control release of oxaliplatin is promoting apoptosis cell death preventing the spread of negative effects on nearby healthy cells. All the results suggested that C. libani and P. nigra can be suitable candidates for the slow delivery of drugs.
Newly isolated sporopollenin microcages from Platanus orientalis pollens as a vehicle for controlled drug delivery
(2017-08-01) Mujtaba M.; Sargin I.; Akyuz L.; Ceter T.; Kaya M.
Sporopollenin microcages were produced from the pollens of Platanus orientalis. Paracetamol was loaded into the microcages. Pollen, sporopollenin, paracetamol and paracetamol-loaded sporopollenin microcages were characterized with FT-IR, TGA and SEM. The analytical analyses demonstrated that sporopollenin microcages were structurally intact, highly reticulated and thermally stable. The loading efficiency of the sporopollenin microcages was found to be 8.2% using the passive loading technique and 23.7% via evaporating loading technique. In vitro release and kinetics studies were performed to test the suitability of sporopollenin microcages for loading. These studies revealed that sporopollenin from P. orientalis can be suggested as a suitable carrier for drug loading and controlled release studies.
Preparation and characterisation of biodegradable pollen-chitosan microcapsules and its application in heavy metal removal
(2015-02-01) Sargin I.; Kaya M.; Arslan G.; Baran T.; Ceter T.
Biosorbents have been widely used in heavy metal removal. New resources should be exploited to develop more efficient biosorbents. This study reports the preparation of three novel chitosan microcapsules from pollens of three common, wind-pollinated plants (Acer negundo, Cupressus sempervirens and Populus nigra). The microcapsules were characterized (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis) and used in removal of heavy metal ions: Cd(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II). Their sorption capacities were compared to those of cross-linked chitosan beads without pollen grains. C. sempervirens-chitosan microcapsules exhibited better performance (Cd(II): 65.98; Cu(II): 67.10 and Zn(II): 49.55mgg-1) than the other microcapsules and the cross-linked beads. A. negundo-chitosan microcapsules were more efficient in Cr(III) (70.40mgg-1) removal. P. nigra-chitosan microcapsules were found to be less efficient. Chitosan-pollen microcapsules (except P. nigra-chitosan microcapsules) can be used in heavy metal removal.
The effects of transglutaminase on the qualitative properties of different pastırma types
(2021-06-01) Hazar F.Y.; Kaban G.; Kaya M.
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of microbial transglutaminase enzyme (MTgase) on the volatile compound (VC) profile, free amino acid (FAA) composition, maximum cutting force and aw of pastırma types (sırt, kuşgömü, şekerpare, kürek, and bohça). In addition, changes in pH, TBARS and instrumental color values during cold storage under MAP (70% N2 + 30% CO2) were examined for 6 months. Transglutaminase caused a decrease in the level of VCs. These treatment had a significant effect on FAA composition. VCs and FAA were affected by pastırma type factor. MTgase increased the maximum cutting force. The effect of transglutaminase on the pH was depends of pastırma types. Four pastırma types (sırt, kuşgömü, kürek and bohça) without MTgase showed higher TBARS value than with MTgase. As storage time progressed, L* and a* values decreased depending on pastırma types. In all pastırma types pH ranged between 5.61 and 5.72 during cold storage under MAP condition.