Browsing by Author "Karadal O."
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Scopus Effect of dietary celery (Apium graveolens) on the growth performance, immune responses, and bacterial resistance against Vibrio anguillarum of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)(2023-02-01) Güroy D.; Güroy B.; Bilen S.; Kenanoğlu O.N.; Şahin İ.; Terzi E.; Karadal O.; Mantoğlu S.In this study, we evaluated to reveal the effects of aqueous methanolic extract of celery (Apium graveolens) on the growth performance, immune responses, and resistance against Vibrio anguillarum in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). For this purpose, twenty fish (initial mean weight of 4.80 ± 0.06 g) were placed into twelve tanks (400 L) in triplicate and fish were fed with control (C) and three different levels (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 g/kg) of A. graveolens (AG) extract-containing diets (AG0.01, AG0.05, and AG0.1) for 30 days. Blood and tissue (kidney, spleen, and intestine) samples were taken from the fish every 10 days during the study to determine the immune responses of the fish. Respiratory burst activity (RBA) was significantly decreased in the AG0.1 group compared to all other groups on the 10th day of the study (P < 0.05). Significance was noticed in the RBA of fish in all AG groups compared to the C group (P < 0.05) on the 30th day of the experiment Lysozyme activity (LYS) was raised on the 10th day of the study in all celery groups compared to the C group (P < 0.05). No differences in the myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) were observed among the experimental groups (P > 0.05). The final mean weight (FMW) was not affected in any experimental groups (P > 0.05). However, in the AG0.05 group, the specific growth rate (SGR) increased, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased compared to other groups (P < 0.05). IL-1β in the kidney was highly elevated in the AG0.01 group on the 20th day of the study (P < 0.05). Similar results were observed on IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α expression in the kidney (P < 0.05). Anti-inflammatory responses (IL-10 and TGF-β) also increased in all experimental groups and tissues compared to the C group (P < 0.05). COX-2 was upregulated on the 20th day of the study in all tissues (P < 0.05). At the end of the feeding trial, the survival rate of the AG0.1 group in fish infected with Vibrio anguillarum infection was higher than the C group. Dietary celery extract did not affect growth performance directly but increased innate immune responses and a high survival rate. Overall, compared to the control group, the growth, immunity, and resistance of European seabass fed with a diet containing 0.05 g/kg celery aqueous methanolic extract has been improved, and this could be used as an immunostimulant feed additive.Scopus Effect of dietary Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) on the growth performance, immune-related gene expression and resistance to Vibrio anguillarum in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)(2022-04-01) Güroy B.; Güroy D.; Bilen S.; Kenanoğlu O.N.; Şahin I.; Terzi E.; Karadal O.; Mantoğlu S.This research was conducted to reveal the effects of dietary Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) meal on the growth performance, immune responses and resistance against Vibrio anguillarum in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). In the study, the fish (5.74 ± 0.02 g) were fed with control (C) and three different levels (1%, 2.5% and 5%) of Spirulina meal-containing diets (SP1, SP2.5 and SP5) for 60 days. The adaptive and innate immune responses of fish were determined every 30th day of the study. The results showed that respiratory burst activity (RBA) was significantly elevated on the SP2.5 and SP5 groups on the 30th day of the study. Lysozyme activity (LYS) was increased on the SP1 group on the 30th day and the SP5 group on the 60th day (p < 0.05). Myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) was raised on the 60th day of the SP2.5 and SP5 groups compared with the C (p < 0.05). IL-1β gene expression increased in the kidney and intestine of fish on the 30th day and in the spleen on the 60th day. IL-10 gene expression in the intestine of fish fed the Spirulina-containing diet was elevated at each sampling time relative to the C group (p < 0.05). Elevated IL-6 activity was determined in the kidney and the intestine on all Spirulina-fed groups compared with control at both sampling times. Similar to IL-6, IL-8 gene expressions were elevated in all Spirulina-fed groups (p < 0.05). TNF-α was up-regulated in the kidney and intestine of all Spirulina-fed groups compared with the C group on the 30th day of the study (p < 0.05). TGF-β gene expression was increased in the kidney and intestine of all Spirulina groups compared with the C group on all sampling times. COX-2 gene expression in the kidneys and intestines of fish fed with Spirulina diets was significantly elevated compared with the C diet at days 60th and 30th respectively. Hepcidin gene expression of all groups was elevated in all tissue samples on the 30th day of the study. The survival rate of fish infected with V. anguillarum was higher in all Spirulina-fed groups than in the C group. The feed conversion rate and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed with a 1% Spirulina diet was found to be better than those fed with other diets. These results show that up to the 5% inclusion of Spirulina meal in European seabass diets promotes some growth parameters and supports immunity in fish.Scopus Effects of dietary marine sulphated polysaccharides (Algimun®) on growth performance, immune responses and disease resistance of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) to Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida(2022-08-01) Güroy D.; Güroy B.; Bilen S.; Terzi E.; Kenanoğlu O.N.; García-Suárez M.; Marzin D.; Mantoğlu S.; Karadal O.; Şahin İ.; Kuşku H.The present study evaluated the effects of a dietary mix of marine sulphated polysaccharides, named Algimun® (AL), supplementation to gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles in terms of growth performance, immune responses, and resistance against Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida. A total of 240 fish (initial mean weight of 6.00 ± 0.03 g) was randomly separated into 12 tanks (400 L, 20 fish per tank) distributed in four replicates. Fish were fed three experimental diets: a basal diet (Control), and a basal diet with two inclusion rates of Algimun® as 3 g/kg (AL0.3) and 5 g/kg (AL0.5) for 30 days before bacterial infection with P. damselae subsp. piscicida. After a 30-day feeding-period, growth performance was significantly improved in AL0.3 and AL0.5 groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). AL0.3 and AL0.5 groups showed significantly higher lysozyme activity and myeloperoxidase activity when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The gene expression of immune mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, TNF-α and COX-2) was significantly upregulated in the intestine, spleen and head kidney in AL0.3 and AL0.5 groups when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Eight days post-challenge, the survival rate against P. damselae subsp. piscicida was numerically higher in fish within AL0.3 and AL0.5 groups compared to control (+20%). The study findings suggest that marine sulphated polysaccharides (Algimun®) could be used as an immunomodulator in gilthead seabream to support animal's health and boost resistance in case of disease outbreak.