Browsing by Author "Fazio, Francesco"

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Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination in Commonly Used Fertilizers for Polyculture Fish Ponds and Its Implications for Human Health: A Comprehensive Investigation.
(2024-10-12) Naz, Saira; Arshad, Madeeha; Majeed, Saima; Maqaddas, Sawera; Habib, Syed Sikandar; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Al-Rejaie, Salim S; Mohany, Mohamed; Bottari, Teresa; Aragona, Francesca; Fazio, Francesco
Over-fertilizing fish ponds can cause pollution, introducing heavy metals into the food chain and posing health risks. The present study investigated the incidence of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, and Cr) in commonly applied fertilizers, including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), triple superphosphate (TSP), and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), and their association with heavy metals in water, sediment, and cultured fish species (Catla catla, Labeo rohita, and Cyprinus carpio) in polyculture fish ponds. The study was conducted over 4 months, with four groups in triplicates: control (no fertilizer), group 1 (NPK), group 2 (TSP), and group 3 (DAP). Heavy metal analysis was carried out using atomic absorption spectrophotometry before and after fertilizer application. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of heavy metals were observed in water and sediment after applying fertilizers, with the most pronounced results in group 3 (DAP) followed by group 2 (TSP). The concentration of heavy metals was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in group 3 (DAP) fertilizers compared to other groups. Compared to the control, the concentration and bioaccumulation of heavy metals were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the fertilizer-applied groups, with notably higher levels in group 3 (DAP). Cluster analysis and the correlation matrix did not show any significant association between the heavy metals and the fertilizers, indicating a complex interplay between the biotic and abiotic factors of the system. The health index (HI) value was < 1 in fish muscles of all studied groups, indicating the fish are safe for consumption. The study recommends monitoring and regulating fertilizer use, especially DAP, to prevent heavy metal contamination, and exploring sustainable alternatives to minimize environmental and health risks.
Correction to: Effects of heavy pollution in different water bodies on male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reproductive health.
(2023-02-01T00:00:00Z) Bhat, Rayees Ahmad; Saoca, Concetta; Cravana, Cristina; Fazio, Francesco; Guerrera, Maria Cristina; Labh, Shyam Narayan; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri
Effects of Different Levels of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Some Blood Parameters and Disease Resistance Against in Rainbow Trout.
(2018-05-23) Acar, Ümit; Parrino, Vincenzo; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Lo Paro, Giuseppe; Saoca, Concetta; Abbate, Francesco; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Fazio, Francesco
This study is aimed to assess the effects of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) supplementation on growth performance, some hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters, and disease resistance against in cultured rainbow trout (Walbaum, 1792). 240 fish in total were randomly assigned into four triplicate groups (20 fish/per aquarium) corresponding to four dietary treatments: control (PSO; no addition of PSO), 0.5% (PSO), 1.00% (PSO), and 2.00% (PSO) of PSO, respectively. After the 60 day-feeding trial, fish blood samples were collected and compared. Statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA) showed a significant ( < 0.05) effect of PSO on red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase parameters in PSO and PSO with regard to control. Moreover, a pronounced ( < 0.05) increased in weight gain, growth and feed conversion was found in fish fed with PSO supplemented diets. After the feeding trial, fish were challenged with and survival recorded for 20 days. Cumulative survival was 45.10% in fish fed with the control diet, whereas in fish fed with PSO, PSO, and PSO supplemented diets, survival was 58.82, 56.86, and 56.86%, respectively. In conclusion, dietary administration of PSO induced a reduction in mortality of rainbow trout infected with , intercalary significant differences occurred on growth performance and some blood values among treated groups. These positive effects of PSO could be considered for new applications in aquaculture.
Effects of Essential Oil Derived from the Bitter Orange () on Growth Performance, Histology and Gene Expression Levels in Common Carp Juveniles ().
(2021-05-17T00:00:00Z) Acar, Ümit; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Yılmaz, Sevdan; İnanan, Burak Evren; Zemheri-Navruz, Fahriye; Terzi, Funda; Fazio, Francesco; Parrino, Vincenzo
The aim of this study was to detect effects of bitter orange () essential oil, commonly called neroli oil (NO) (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1, and 1.5% referred to as NO NO, NO, NO and NO, respectively) on growth performance output and expression levels of some growth-related genes in the muscle tissue and some immune-related genes in the head kidney and pathological differences in digestive system organs of common carp . The NO group had a large improvement in growth efficiency at the end of the 60-day feeding cycle. Real-time PCR (Bio RAD, USA) system was used to detect variations in gene expression levels. Furthermore, NO supplementation of up to 0.25% in muscle tissue controlled the release of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Furthermore, in the NO treatment category, immune response gene levels TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-1ß increased in head kidney tissue. In the histological examination of the liver and intestine, there were significant differences between fish fed with N and N diets. This study confirms that dietary supplementation of NO up to 0.25% can improve common carp growth efficiency and increase the expression of genes (GH and IGF-I) related to muscle growth, TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-1ß genes related to immune status, and liver and intestine histological status of common carp.
Effects of heavy pollution in different water bodies on male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reproductive health.
(2023-02-01T00:00:00Z) Bhat, Rayees Ahmad; Saoca, Concetta; Cravana, Cristina; Fazio, Francesco; Guerrera, Maria Cristina; Labh, Shyam Narayan; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri
This research aimed to investigate the influence of heavy metals on the reproductive health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) captured from two locations, Verinag (S1) and Panzath (S2). Sixty (n. 60) mature rainbow trout samples (30 from each site) with body weights ranging from 400 to 650 g were collected from Verinag hatchery, which was less polluted (S1), and Panzath hatchery, which was more polluted (S2). The findings revealed significant differences between the two sites, S1 (less polluted) and S2 (more polluted), as well as significant variations within the tissues. Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) were found to be highest in sampling water as well as in fish tissues sampled from S2 sites. Similarly, concerning S1 captured fishes, histopathological examination of testes from S2 captured fish was found. Testicular abnormalities that included disorganization of the seminiferous tubules, reduction in the number of germ cells (sperm cells, spermatozoa), vacuolization, and large empty areas in the seminiferous epithelium were found. In testicular cells, the frequency of apoptotic cells collected from S2 water increased significantly (P < 0.05). SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activity increased in S1 captured fishes but decreased in S2 captured fishes. MDA levels gradually increased in S2 captured fish, and the degree of heavy metal stress was positively correlated (P < 0.05). In male rainbow trout, testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone levels increased substantially in S1 captured fishes. While the fatty acids of testes in S2 fishes decreased with respect to S1 fishes. In conclusion, S2 captured fish suffered more damage due to heavy metals including cellular damage, apoptosis, oxidative damage, and altered steroid hormones when compared to fish from S1 waters.
Effects of Tomato Paste By-Product Extract on Growth Performance and Blood Parameters in Common Carp ().
(2022-12-01T00:00:00Z) Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Acar, Ümit; Hassaan, Mohamed Shaban; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Guerrera, Maria Cristina; Fazio, Francesco
This research examined different growth performances and blood parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) consuming diets supplemented with tomato paste by-product extract (TPE). Five diets with different concentrations of TPEs, 0% (TPE0) 0.5% (TPE0.5), 1% (TPE1), 2% (TPE2), and 5% (TPE5) were supplied to 300 common carp (8.38 ± 0.18 g) (60 fish per group) each day during the 60-day feeding trial. The relative and specific growth rates of fish-fed supplemental diets increased significantly, while the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased (p < 0.05). TPE considerably increased the erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin content (Hb), and hematocrit (Hct) (p < 0.05), according to hematological analyses of blood samples collected after the feeding experiment. The blood biochemical findings indicate that using 1% or more extracts considerably reduced the serum glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride ratios while significantly increasing the total protein, albumin, and globulin ratios in common carp (p < 0.05). Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the 2% extract generated from tomato paste by-products in common carp diets could be utilized as a growth-promoting product without any negative effects on blood parameters linked to feeding in carp.
Evaluation of an Innovative and Sustainable Pre-Commercial Compound as Replacement of Fish Meal in Diets for Rainbow Trout during Pre-Fattening Phase: Effects on Growth Performances, Haematological Parameters and Fillet Quality Traits.
(2021-12-14T00:00:00Z) Acar, Ümit; Giannetto, Alessia; Giannetto, Daniela; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Romano, Alessandro; Tezel, Rifat; Türker, Ali; Güllü, Kenan; Fazio, Francesco
The aim of the study was to determine the potential and sustainable use of pre-commercial product ITTINSECT™ APS V1 as a major protein source in rainbow trout () diets. A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to potentially use ITTINSECT as fish meal replacement in the diets of rainbow trout. Five isonitrogenous in dry matter (38% crude protein) and isolipidic (15% crude lipid) diets were produced: a control diet (fishmeal-based) (ITT) and four experimental diets replacing fishmeal by 25 (ITT), 50 (ITT), 75 (ITT) and 100 (ITT) %, with ITTINSECT™ APS V1. Triplicate tanks, containing 15 fish each (65.81 ± 1.26 g), were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice every day during the experiment. At the end of the feeding trial, significantly higher growth performance was observed in the group fed ITTM and ITTM diets. This performance was supported by growth-related gene expressions analyzed in muscle; significantly higher GH and IGF-I genes expression levels were determined in ITT and ITT when compared to control (ITT) ( < 0.05). While no significant differences were found between the hematology values ( > 0.05), serum total protein, globulins and glucose levels were significantly different between experimental groups ( < 0.05). In addition to this, the immune-related genes such as TNF-α, IL8 and IL1-β expression levels were determined to be significantly different ( < 0.05). In conclusion, in order to achieve the best growth performance in rainbow trout and enhance sustainable aquaculture practices, replacement of fish meal with up to 50% ITTINSECT™ APS V1 in diets for rainbow trout is suggested.
Hot pepper (Capsicum sp.) oil and its effects on growth performance and blood parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
(2020-11-01T00:00:00Z) Parrino, Vincenzo; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Acar, Ümit; Fazio, Francesco
The authors studied the effect of hot pepper ( sp.) oil on the growth performance and blood parameters in rainbow trout fed. Hot pepper oil was added to rainbow trout feeds at the rates of HPO 0‰ (0 mg/kg) (control), HPO 1‰ (1 mg/kg), HPO 2‰ (2 mg/kg), HPO 4‰ (4 mg/kg) and HPO 6‰ (6 mg/kg), and the fish were fed with experimental feeds for 60 days. The group fed with HPO 4‰ showed the highest percentage growth rate and the lowest feed conversion rate. Our results showed the significant differences serum biochemical parameters, a decrease of serum liver enzymes, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels and an increase of total protein and albumin levels compared with the control. The use of HPO 1‰ in rainbow trout showed a positively affects the growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical parameters.[Formula: see text].
Toxic effect of heavy metals on ovarian deformities, apoptotic changes, oxidative stress, and steroid hormones in rainbow trout.
(2023-01-01T00:00:00Z) Bhat, Rayees Ahmad; Bakhshalizadeh, Shima; Guerrera, Maria Cristina; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Fazio, Francesco
As is well known, the pollution in the aquatic environment in which fish grow has a direct impact on aquaculture practices. Pollution in aquatic systems because of multiple adverse effects on fish metabolic processes, especially the reproductive systems.
Toxic element (As, Cd, Pb and Hg) biodistribution and blood biomarkers in Barbaresca sheep raised in Sicily: One Health preliminary study.
(2024-06-24) Doğan, Elif; Fazio, Francesco; Aragona, Francesca; Nava, Vincenzo; De Caro, Salvatore; Zumbo, Alessandro
The health of humans, animals and the environment is interconnected. Adopting a One Health approach means intervening promptly to prevent the main diseases that affect animal health to guarantee the safety of livestock production. Exposure to toxic trace elements in sheep can lead to increased accumulation in different biological substrate, developing both acute and chronic diseases in humans and livestock. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioaccumulation of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) in Sicilian Barbaresca sheep using the following biological substrates: milk, blood and fleece. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used for As, Cd and Pb, and a direct mercury analyser (DMA-80) was used for Hg determination. In addition, the role of the haematological parameters as possible indicators of different biodistribution was evaluated. A statistically significant value was observed from our analysed metals in the substrates: arsenic (p < 0.001), cadmium (p < 0.01), lead (p < 0.001) and mercury (p < 0.0001). The correlation analysis showed a relationship between milk and blood for arsenic (p < 0.0001) and lead (p < 0.0001), and no correlation for the metals was observed between milk/blood and the haematological parameters analysed for the low concentration observed in the present study comforting the final consumer.