Browsing by Author "Fatma ATALAY"

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A Case of Fungus Ball in the Nasal Cavity Imitating a Rhinolith
(2023-02-24) Fatma ATALAY; Ebru EROL UZUNOĞLU
Fungus balls are a chronic and non-invasive fungal infection. Despite being relatively common in the paranasal sinuses, they are rare in the nasal cavity. The etiology of fungus balls in the nasal cavity is unknown. Fungus balls generally develop slowly and asymptomatically. When symptomatic, they can cause symptoms similar to those of chronic sinusitis or intranasal masses, such as nasal obstruction, nasal and post- nasal discharge, head and face pain, and smell perception disorders. The preferred treatment of fungus balls in the nasal cavity is functional en- doscopic sinus surgery and debridement. This case report describes a 50-year-old woman operated with a preliminary diagnosis of rhinolith but finally diagnosed with fungus ball as a result of histopathological examination.
A Case of Nasal Myiasis in a Patient with Intestinal Type Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma
(2022-02-01) Sinan KÖYCEĞİZ; Atahan AĞRILI; Ayhan KARS; Fatma ATALAY; Mustafa Sıtkı GÖZELER
Myiasis is an infestation caused by fly, mosquito or midge larvae settling on animals or humans and feeding on dead or living tissues or nutrients digested by them. Myiasis of the nasal cavity is an uncommon entity. It may particularly be encountered in individuals with low socioeconomic levels in need of care or against a background of malignancy, but is very rare in healthy individuals. While there is no clear algorithm, daily endoscopy-guided debridement with saline irrigation will be beneficial in treatment. We report a case of nasal myiasis in an 82-year-old male patient reported as intestinal type sinonasal adenocarcinoma following biopsy taken from a mass completely filling the nasal cavity two years previously, but who had received no treatment during that time.
A new marker in inflammatory etiopathogenesis of Bell’s palsy: Immature granulocyte
(2022-01-01) Sedat GÜLTEN; Kübra TOPAL; Fatma ATALAY; Ayhan KARS
Aim: Bell’s palsy (BP) pathogenesis is not fully understood, but is generally idiopathic. Studies investigating the etiopathogenesis of BP suggest have implicated factors such as inflammation, viral infection, microvascular dysfunction, and exposure to acute cold. The purpose of this study was to reveal the effectiveness of immature granulocyte (IG) as an inflammatory marker in the etiopathogenesis of BP. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was performed September 2019 and January 2021. Thirty-three patients presenting to the our Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic diagnosed with BP were included in the study. A control group consisting of 50 individuals with similar age and gender distributions to the patient group and presenting for routine examinations was also established. Immature granulocyte count (IGC), and immature granulocyte percentage (IG%) values were calculated from complete blood count (CBC) data. Results: No significant difference was determined between the two groups in terms of age or gender (p > 0.05). IGC values found to differ significantly between the patient and control groups (p=0.004). No significant differences were observed in the IG% (p=0.061). Conclusion: Inflammation is one of the main theories in the context of BP. Higher IGC being determined in patients with BP compared to the healthy control group supports the idea of the role of inflammation in the etiopathogenesis.
A Rare Case Report: Bilateral Choanal Atresia in an Adult Patient
(2020-12-01) Ayhan KARS; Fatma ATALAY; Fatih BİNGÖL
Posterior choanal atresia is rare but is the most common congenital malformation of the nasal cavity. It is characterized by a completely closed choana. Generally, this malformation is observed in newborns as increased respiratory distress during feeding, cyanotic attacks, and relaxation with crying. In contrast to unilateral atresia, bilateral disease is a life threatening condition and is extremely rare in adults. Herein, we presented a case of bilateral membranous choanal atresia detected in an 18-year-old patient. An 18-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic after complaining of nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, snoring, anosmia, and mouth breathing since she was a child. On endoscopic examination, a right-deviated nasal septum and bilaterally closed choanae were observed. Membranous bilateral choanal atresia was observed on computed tomography (CT). The patient underwent transnasal endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia. Both septoplasty and bilateral coanoplasty surgeries were performed. No complications were observed postoperatively or at one year of follow up. Bilateral choanal atresia is a rare anomaly in adults. The diagnosis can easily be made by endoscopic examination or CT. The transnasal endoscopic surgical technique is an easy, reliable, and effective treatment method.
Evaluation of the otorhinolaryngology consultations requested from the emergency department
(2022-11-23) Fatma ATALAY; Kübra TOPAL
Aim: In this study, the aim was to examine the otorhinolaryngology consultations requested from the emergency service and to discuss the results in light of the literature. Materials and Methods: In our study, 376 patients who were admitted to emergency department and who were consulted to the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital between the dates 01.10.2019 and 01.10.2021 were examined retrospectively. The age and gender of patients, date of consultation, reasons for consultation, diagnoses made as a result of consultation, and interventions taken were recorded. Results: 142 (37.8%) of the patients for whom consultations were requested were female and 234 (62.2%) were male. The mean total age was 38.43. The most common reason for consultation was nasal fracture, infectious causes, foreign body in the ear and foreign body in the nose, respectively (n=77, 20.47%; n=51, 13.56%; n=39, 10.37%; n=36, 9.57%). The most frequently consultation requested months are July (n=62, 16.48%), August (n=45, 11.96%) and September (n=44, 11.70%), respectively. As a result of the consultations, the most common interventions were foreign body removal and nasal fracture repositioning (n=64, 17.02%; n=58, 15.42%). No otorhinolaryngology pathology was found in 79 patients (21.01%). Conclusion: The fact that emergency physicians have sufficient knowledge and experience in otorhinolaryngology emergencies will both reduce the mortality and morbidity of patients and prevent the loss of time and internal power by preventing unnecessary consultation requests.
Foreign Bodies in the External Auditory Canal: An Evaluation of 95 Cases
(2022-12-31) Ayhan KARS; Kübra TOPAL; Fatma ATALAY
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the demographic characteristics, form of presentation to hospital, the ear in which foreign bodies were observed, and the features thereof, in cases of foreign body in the external auditory canal (EAC) treated in our clinic. Materials and Methods: Ninety-five patients presenting to our hospital due to foreign body in the EAC and treated in the Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Clinic were included in the study. Patients’ medical records were examined, and age, sex, type of presentation to hospital, type of foreign body, and the ear involved were recorded. Results: Sixty-eight (71.5%) of the 95 patients were adults aged 20-85, and 27 (28.5%) were children aged 2-17. Fifty-two (54.7%) patients were male and 43 (45.3%) were female. The foreign body was located in the right ear in 47 (49.5%) cases, the left ear in 45 (47.3%), and in both ears in three (3.2%). Twenty-seven (27.6%) of the foreign bodies consisted of cotton swabs, 14 (14.3%) of insects, 13 (13.2%) of beads, 11 (11.2%) of grass pieces. Conclusion: Foreign bodies in the EAC are a frequent problem in ENT practice. In order to avoid complications, foreign bodies should be removed using appropriate techniques and equipment by professional ENT physicians.
Laryngeal and Sublingual Hematoma Causing Upper Airway Obstruction Due to the Use of Warfarin
(2022-02-01) Ayhan KARS; Fatma ATALAY; Kübra TOPAL
Warfarin is commonly used for the treatment and prophylaxis of thromboembolic diseases. Spontaneous bleeding and hematoma are complications that can occur in warfarin use. When patients will be initiated on warfarin therapy, a careful physical examination should be performed to eliminate the risk of bleeding and additional diseases and other medications used should be evaluated. The patient should be informed about the risks and followed up with regular International Normalized Ratio tests. Although rare, spontaneous laryngeal hematoma must be rapidly diagnosed and treated because it can cause airway obstruction and be life-threatening. In our case, a 61-year-old male patient developed spontaneous sublingual, epiglottic, and arytenoid hematoma due to warfarin use. The patient was monitored and initiated on conservative treatment. In the following days, the patient was discharged with recovery.
Lymphangiomatous Polyp of the Palatine Tonsil
(2022-11-23) Fatma ATALAY; Ayşe ÖZBEK
Lymphangiomatous polyps of the palatine tonsil are rare, benign hamartamotous lesions. The most frequent presentation symptoms are generally sore throat, the sensation of foreign body in the throat, and dysphagia. The pathogenesis of lymphangiomatous polyps is uncertain. Diagnosis is made histopathologically. Dilated lymphatic channels with stroma containing fibrous, lymphoid, and adipose tissue, and lympho- cytes within the lumen are observed at histopathological examination. Studies describing tonsillectomy as curative treatment predominate in the literature, although some authors regard removal of the lesion as sufficient. This report describes a case of lymphangiomatous polyp originating from the right palatine tonsil in a 22-year-old woman.
Otoprotective effects of farnesene against oxidative damage induced by paclitaxel
(2022-03-01) Arzu TATAR; Büşra DİNÇER; Fatma ATALAY
Purpose: This study explores the biochemical and functional effects of farnesene, which has potent free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties, on paclitaxel-induced ototoxicity. Materials and Methods: Eighteen male Wistar albino rats were allocated into three groups of six rats at random. No paclitaxel or farnesene was given to the control group throughout the research. Paclitaxel was given four times intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg/kg (1st, 7th, 14th & 21st days) in the paclitaxel group. In the Farnesene + Paclitaxel group, 5 mg/kg paclitaxel was given first, followed by 4 times 50 mg/kg farnesene intraperitoneally 30 minutes later (1st, 7th, 14th & 21st days). Otoacoustic emission measurement was taken on days 0 and 21 in all rats. After that, the animals were sacrificed, and their cochleas were extracted for biochemical testing. Results: Paclitaxel caused oxidative stress in the cochlea, which considerably elevated malondialdehyde levels and lowered glutathione levels in cochlear tissues. Furthermore, the paclitaxel group’s distortion product otoacoustic emission values were significantly lower than the other groups. Improvements in the damage produced by paclitaxel in various biochemical and functional parameters were observed in the Farnesene+Paclitaxel group. Conclusion: The study findings imply that farnesene, a natural antioxidant, reduced paclitaxel-induced hearing loss in rats, and a combination of farnesene and paclitaxel therapy may have protected from paclitaxel-induced ototoxicity for future clinical use.
Sinonasal Abnormalities on Cranial Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Tension-Type Headache
(2022-04-01) Zeynep YAVUZ; Birsel KUL; Ayhan KARS; Fatma ATALAY; Kübra TOPAL
Background: Anatomical variations and pathologies in the sinonasal region are a known principal cause or trigger of headaches. The purpose of the present study was to determine the frequency of sinonasal pathologies in patients with tension-type headache and their association with the disease. Methods: Patients presenting to the Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital Neurology Clinic between 2019 and 2021 and diagnosed with a tension-type headache based on the International Headache Society 2018 classification were investigated retrospectively. Patients were examined in terms of cranial magnetic resonance imaging sinonasal anomalies, and the findings were recorded. Sinonasal lesions were classified as septal deviation, inferior turbinate hypertrophy, concha bullosa, and sinus retention cyst. Results: The incidence of septal deviation was significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (P = .019). The incidence of tension-type headache was 2.2-fold higher among individuals with septal deviation compared to those with no such deviation (95% CI: 1.13-4.39). Comorbid septal deviation and inferior turbinate hypertrophy were observed in 18.1% of the patients in the study, septal deviation and concha bullosa in 1.6%, and septal deviation and sinus retention cyst in 2.1%, but no significant difference was determined in distributions between the patient and control groups. Conclusion: It should be remembered that an accompanying pathology in patients with tension-type headache can further exacerbate existing symptoms or else can be the primary cause of headache. Patients must undergo a detailed ear, nose, and throat examination in terms of identifying mucosal contact points and sinonasal pathologies.
Zingiberene attenuates paclitaxel-induced ototoxicity by strengthening cochlear antioxidant defense system in vivo
(2023-03-15) Büşra DİNÇER; Fatma ATALAY; Arzu TATAR
Paclitaxel is widely used in the treatment of many cancers. Paclitaxel-induced ototoxicity is related to the neurotoxic effects of paclitaxel on auditory peripheral neurons. Zingiberene has significant antitumor and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to determine whether zingiberene protects against the ototoxicity caused by paclitaxel. Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups. The control group received 1 ml/kg saline on days 1, 7, 14, and 21. The paclitaxel group received 5 mg/kg paclitaxel on days 1, 7, 14, and 21. On days 1, 7, 14, and 21, the zingiberene group received 10mg/kg of zingiberene. Paclitaxel + zingiberene group first 5 mg/kg paclitaxel and 30 minutes later 10mg zingiberene on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st days. A distortion product-evoked otoacoustic emission test (DPOAE) was performed before (day 0) and after (day 22) of the experiment. The pretreatment DPOAE values of the groups were not significantly different. On day 22, the DPOAE results in the paclitaxel group showed a considerable decline. Malondialdehyde levels were substantially higher, and glutathione levels were much lower in the paclitaxel group. The paclitaxel+zingiberene group displayed significantly higher DPOAE levels than the paclitaxel group. Compared to the paclitaxel group paclitaxel+zingiberene, glutathione levels were considerably higher, and malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower. The study findings provide the first evidence in the literature that zingiberene can prevent ototoxicity from paclitaxel-induced hearing loss by lowering the levels of oxidant parameters. It demonstrates that administering zingiberene and paclitaxel together may be a practical clinical approach to alleviate paclitaxel- induced ototoxicity.