Browsing by Author "Balci S.S."

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Changes in body mass and hydration status in judo athletes before and after a top-level competition: a descriptive case study
(2022-01-01) Ceylan B.; Barley O.R.; Balci S.S.
Objectives: The International Judo Federation (IJF) implemented new regulations in an attempt to regulate rapid weight loss in 2013. The body weight of the athletes cannot be more than 5% higher than the upper limits of their weight categories at the weight check for randomly selected athletes from each weight category before the competition. However, therea lack of studies demonstrating rapid weight loss and hydration status of elite judo athletes in a real match atmosphere under the current refereeing rules. Thus, this study aimed to examine the body mass and hydration changes of elite judo athletes a week before the competition, official weigh-in, and 24 hours after competition. Methods: Eight high-level male judo athletes voluntarily participated in this study. Body mass and urinary measures of hydration status were collected a week before, at the official weigh-in and 24-hour post-weigh-in. Results: The one-way repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant main effect of time on body mass (p < 0.001). Body mass decreased by 5.4 ± 0.7 kg or 6.8% from a week before the competition to official weigh-in (p < 0.001) and increased by 3.0 ± 1.1 kg or 4.2% from official weigh-in to 24-h post-competition (p < 0.001). A significant effect of time was also found in both urine-specific gravity (USG) (p < 0.001) and urine color (UC) among the measurements (p = 0.001). Athletes’ USG values were at the highest level (USG = 1.030 ± 0.001) at the official weigh-in, while they decreased significantly at 24-hour post-competition (USG = 1.017 ± 0.007). Conclusion: The results showed that elite judo athletes resort to rapid weight loss and present dehydration despite established regulations by the IJF.
Dehydration and Rapid Weight Gain Between Weigh-in and Competition in Judo Athletes: The Differences between Women and Men
(2021-01-01) Ceylan B.; Balci S.S.
This study aimed to investigate the sex differences in short-term weight change and hydration status in judo athletes. Thirty-five men and 15 women judo athletes voluntarily participated in this descriptive and repeated measures design study. Body mass, urine-specific gravity (USG), and body composition of the athletes were measured at the official weigh-in and the competition day’s morning. Body mass of the athletes increased during recovery time between official weigh-in and before the competition (time factor; F1-48 = 71.81, p < 0.001), this increase was higher in men athletes compared to women athletes (time-sex interaction; F1-48 = 6.56, p = 0.01). With RWG, USG values of the women and men athletes decreased (time factor; F1-48 = 8.53, p = 0.005). However, most of the athletes were still in significant or serious dehydration state. Unchanged values of total body water rates (TBW) supported dehydration in athletes before the competition (time factor, F1-48 = 2.9, p = 0.091; time-sex interaction; F1-48= 2.4, p = 0.122). The findings of the study indicated that RWG was higher in men athletes compared to women athletes, but hydration status was not affected by sex factor.Notwithstanding 15 hours of recovery between official weigh-in and the start of the competition, judo athletes were still in dehydrated state despite remaining within the limit set for RWG.
Match duration during high-level judo competitions: Golden score or not?
(2022-01-01) Ceylan B.; Ozturk F.; Balci S.S.
Background. Recent rule changes have led to alterations in the technical and tactical components of judo matches and athletes’ physical capacities. There have also been many changes regarding total match durations during high-level judo matches. Problem and aim. There is no study under the current refereeing rules that investigates both total match duration, and the factors leading to the competition continuing after the golden score. This study investigated the factors that affected total match duration during high-level judo matches. Methods. The data were obtained from a total of 5111 official judo matches during the latest two world championships (2018– 2019) and eight grand prix tournaments (2019). The Mann-Whitney-U test was used to determine the difference in total match duration between men and women, while differences among the weight categories were investigated using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The difference in the percentage of matches with or without a golden score according to weight categories was analysed by the Chi-square test. The factors leading to a match ending in a golden score were investigated using logistic binary regression analysis. Results. The total match duration decreased as the weight categories in both men and women increased. Likewise, increasing the weight category led to an increase in the percentage of t matches that ended before the official time and a decrease in normal match duration and matches that ended in the golden score. Sex did not affect this distribution. The possibility of a golden score in other weight categories was 2-3 times higher compared to heavyweight classes (OR=1.77-2.84, p=0.00). The lack of ippon score in the matches significantly increased the possibility of a golden score (OR=1.53, p=0.00). The possibility of a third waza-ari (2 vs 1) during a golden score was 3 times higher compared to the matches that ended before the official match duration (OR=3.12, p=0.00). Moreover, a waza-ari increased the possibility of matches ending before or at normal match duration by1.3 times while two waza-ari increased it by 5.54 times. The possibility of a golden score in the matches with a shido was higher compared to those without a shido. This possibility increased more as long as the number of penalties increased. Conclusions. The total duration of the matches was affected by weight categories, the number of scores, and penalties. In particular, receiving a shido was found to be an important factor in terms of a longer match duration. The increase in weight categories led to a shorter match duration. The investigation of the match duration and the factors affecting it within the current refereeing rules can contribute to coaches and athletes developing training plans and match tactics.
The comparison of judo-specific tests
(2018-01-01) Ceylan B.; Balci S.S.
Background. There are some judo-specific performance tests developed in recent years. It has been reported that these tests present the same physiological results as aerobic and anaerobic power measurements carried out in laboratories. Measurements carried out by using judo-specific exercises are important to control the development of the training. Problem and aim. The aim of this study was to determine whether 3 different judo-specific tests could discriminate judo athletes from different levels and present the same physiological results as simulated judo match. Methods. Eight male judo athletes who have competed in international competitions in the recent year and 7 male judo athletes who have competed in national competitions in the recent year voluntarily participated in this study. During the selection process, some criteria such as at least 4-year judo background, attending trainings regularly and no injuries in the recent year which adversely affected athletes' training program were taken into consideration. Athletes carried out 4 different practices (tests): Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT), Uchikomi Fitness Test (UFT), Santos Test (ST) and Simulated Judo Match (SJM). Tests were carried out randomly at the same time of the day with at least 2, at most 3 days intervals. Rest values of hearth rate (HR) and lactate (LA) were measured before tests and at 1st, 5th, 10th, 15th, 30th minutes of the recovery period. Paired comparisons of the variables were tested with independent sample t-test, changes in HR and LA values in both groups were tested with the three-factor mixed-design analysis of variance with repeated measurement. Results. Elite and non-elite athletes were found to have the same physical characteristics except body fat percentage. Time of measurement (F = 187.57) and tests (F = 21.05) significantly affected the level of lactate (p < 0.05), the interaction effect between test and time factors was also found significant (F = 8.80; p < 0.05). Contrarily, changes of the lactate concentration during the tests were similar in elite and non-elite judo athletes (F = 0.82; p < 0.05). Conclusion. Despite similar changes in HR and LA only SJFT and ST discriminated elite and non-elite judo athletes in terms of number of throws and test-specific evaluations while UFT did not discriminate the levels of the athletes.
The Effects of Various Work-to-Rest Ratios During High-Intensity Intermittent Exercises on Uchi-Komi Performance and Postexercise Heart Rate and Blood Lactate in Judo Athletes
(2023-06-01) Ceylan B.; Balci S.S.
ABSTRACT: Ceylan, B and Balci, SS. The effects of various work-to-rest ratios during high-intensity intermittent exercises on uchi-komi performance and postexercise heart rate and blood lactate in judo athletes. J Strength Cond Res 37(6): 1231-1236, 2023- Uchi-komi exercises are the most important component of judo training. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different rest intervals during high-intensity intermittent uchi-komi exercises on total technique repetitions and physiological load in judo athletes. Twenty-two male judo athletes (mean age 19.0 ± 1.2 years, judo experience 7.6 ± 22.7 years) voluntarily participated in this study. Athletes' body composition and judo-specific performance were determined. The athletes randomly performed 20 seconds × 8 sets of high-intensity intermittent exercise using ippon-seoi-nage technique with 1:1/2, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 work-to-rest ratios on separate days. Before and 1, 7, 15, and 30 minutes after each exercise, athletes' heart rate (HR) and blood lactate were determined. The number of repetitions differed according to rest durations, when the rest duration decreased, the number of the repetitions decreased ( F21, 441 = 7.09, p < 0.001). Blood lactate responses were similar during the exercises with different rest intervals ( F3,63 = 2.15, p = 0.10). The shorter the rest duration, the higher the HR ( F3,63 = 6.81, p < 0.001). The current study proposed that 1:2 and 1:3 work-to-rest ratios at high-intensity intermittent uchi-komi exercise are the most appropriate intervals to ensure a high number of technique repetitions and the continuity of the training.
The relationship between judo specific test performances and physical fitness in prepubescent male judo athletes
(2023-03-12) Demirci Ö.F.; Ceylan B.; Balci S.S.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between judo specific test performances and physical fitness of prepubescent judo athletes. Forty male judo athletes aged 10-13 voluntarily participated. Athletes completed special judo fitness test (SJFT), hikisdashi uchi-komi test (HUT), judogi grip strength tests, and performance-related physical fitness components tests (aerobic power, strength, agility, explosive power, body composition). Correlation coefficients were used to analyze the relationship between the judo specific tests and physical fitness performances. Significant correlations were found between total throw numbers during SJFT, HUT performance, isometric and dynamic judogi grip strength test performance and general performance-related physical fitness tests. Also, negative correlations were found between judo specific tests performances and body fat percent. It can be concluded from the study that total throws in SJFT, 20 s HUT and dynamic judogi grip strength tests can be used to monitor performances of prepubescent judo athletes as these tests present large significant correlations with performance related physical fitness tests.