Browsing by Author "Aydin M."

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Effects of land use type on hydro-physical properties of soils in the torul dam basin-gumushane, Turkey
(2010-12-01) Okatan A.; Aydin M.; Usta A.; Yilmaz M.
The soils in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey are under serious degradation and erosion due to misused of land, over grazing and intensive agricultural activities. In this study, some soil properties and the effects of land use types on the erodibility indices were investigated for the Torul Dam located on the Harşit River, which is in the Backward of Black Sea region in Turkey. By selective sampling method, samples were collected from three different sites used for agriculture, forest and bare space amount of soil samples from each site are 16, 26 and 18 respectively. Soil samples were gathered according to depth levels of 0-20cm and 20-50cm for each sample plot, and a total of 280 soil samples disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected from four sites at each of the three different land-use types. Sixty sample plots were selected from frontier lands with the same aspect in the same altitude zone and the same parent material from which soil develops. In soil samples, analyses such as particle size distribution (sand, silt, clay), soil organic matter (SOM), dispersion ratio (DR), erosion ratio (ER), colloid-moisture equivalent ratio (C-MER), clay ratio (CR), water holding capacity (WHC), hydraulic conductivity (HC), bulk density (BD), total porosity (TP), available water capacity (AWC), soil pH and total lime (CaCO3) were performed for each soil sample. The analysis of variance was performed in order to test whether the obtained results showed differences according to interaction to land use regime and soil depth. The results show that significant differences the average erodibility indices (DR, p<0.05, ER, C-MER, CR, p<0.001), sand (p<0.01), silt, clay, CaCO3, SOM (p<0.001) and soil properties such as BD, TP, WHC, HC, pH (p<0.001) vary according to land use regime. The results show that significant differences the average DR, BD, TP (p<0.05) and SOM (p<0.01) vary according to interaction to land use regime and soil depth. As a result, it was determined that soils of all three land use types in the dam basin are strongly susceptible to erosion. Therefore, it is necessary to make a plan for planting the bare areas without effecting the water production in a negative way.
Protective role of vitamin E against acrylamide-induced testicular toxicity from pregnancy to adulthood: insights into oxidative stress and aromatase regulation
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Üremiş, M.M.; Gültekin, S.; Üremiş, N.; Şafak, T.; Çiğremiş, Y.; Gül, M.; Aydin M.; Zayman E.; Türköz Y.
Acrylamide (ACR) is a toxic chemical frequently encountered in daily life, posing health risks. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular-level mechanism of ACR's toxic effects on testicles and investigate whether Vitamin E can mitigate these effects. A total of 40 adult pregnant rats were utilized, divided into four groups: Control, ACR, Vitamin E, and ACR + Vitamin E. ACR and Vitamin E were administered to the mother rats during pregnancy and lactation, and to the male offspring until the 8th week post-birth. Serum hormone levels, oxidant-antioxidant parameters, histopathological examination of testicular tissue, and mRNA and protein levels of the testicular and liver aromatase gene were analyzed. Spermiogram analysis was conducted on the collected sperm samples from the male offspring. The results revealed that ACR exposure adversely affected hormone levels, oxidant-antioxidant parameters, histological findings, as well as aromatase gene and protein expressions. However, Vitamin E administration effectively prevented the toxic effects of ACR. These findings demonstrate that ACR application significantly impairs the reproductive performance of male offspring rats by increasing liver aromatase activity.
Radon and heavy metal risk assessments of drinking water sources
(2018-10-01) Kurnaz A.; Aydin M.
In this study, the concentrations of radon and heavy metals were measured in drinking water samples from the Pusat-Özen Dam (Hafik Dam), Sivas, Turkey. The measurements were conducted using an active radon gas analyser and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. The annual mean radon concentration and the annual effective dose equivalent were found to be 0.103 Bq L−1 and 0.266 μSv year−1, respectively. The results were compared with the international recommended values. All measured radon concentrations were below the safe limit as recommended by the World Health Organization and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Via an elemental analysis studies, 20 different elements in the drinking water were evaluated for health risks. The annual mean values of Al, Ar, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn and Se are higher than the recommended permissible limits. The results of this study provide a data baseline for future studies and subsequent evaluations of possible environmental contamination in Sivas.
Soil respiration in a natural forest and a plantation during a dry period in the Philippines
(2023-01-01) Pacaldo R.S.; Aydin M.
Soil respiration in shrub willow (Salix x dasyclados) biomass crop increased on the third year after removal
(2018-01-01) Aydin M.; Pacaldo R.S.; Volk T.A.
The SWBC production system is not only a source of renewable energy, but also a carbon sink. However, one of the uncertainties in the greenhouse gas potential analysis of this system is soil CO2 efflux (Fc) rates after its termination. We examined the Fc rates for three years and determined the total CO2 production of SWBC fields following the termination and removal of SWBC fields. Four current SWBC fields of 5-, 12-, 14-, and 19-years old were used as sampling plots. The mean Fc rates did not differ statistically between ages (p = 0.66), and there was no significant interaction effect between age and year (p = 0.94). However, Fc rates significantly increased in the third year (p = 0.01). Annual cumulative Fc ratios at different seasons were 52% for summer, 26% for fall, 16% for spring, and 6% for winter.
The impact of diesel/LPG dual fuel on performance and emissions in a single cylinder diesel generator
(2018-05-20) Aydin M.; Irgin A.; Çelik M.B.
Compared to other engines of the same size, diesel engines are more economical in addition to their ability to generate high power. For this reason, they are widely used in many fields such as industry, agriculture, transportation, electricity generation. The increasing environmental concerns and diminishing oil resources led researchers to improve fuel consumption and emissions. In this context, the usage of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) fuel in diesel engines is one of the important research subjects that has been keeping up to date. This paper investigates the effects of LPG direct injection towards the end of air inlet period on engine emissions and performance characteristics. A four-stroke, air cooled, single cylinder diesel engine was modified to direct injection of LPG for diesel/LPG dual fuel operation. An Electronic Control Unit (ECU) was designed and used to adjust LPG injection timing and duration. LPG injection rates were selected as 30%, 50% and 70% on a mass base. The test engine was operated at 3000 rpm constant engine speed under varying load conditions. Throughout the experiments, it was observed that smoke density significantly reduced on the dual-fuel operation, compared to the pure diesel operation. Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions decreased by 30% and 20%, respectively. Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) decreased by 8%. Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) emissions increased by 6% while effective efficiency increased up to 1.25%.
Water quality assessment for Elmali stream and Karaçomak stream using the comprehensive pollution index (CPI) in Karaçomak watershed, Kastamonu, Turkey
(2018-01-01) Imneisi I.; Aydin M.
The Karaçomak and Elmali streams are the main sources of water that feed the Karaçomak Dam. This study analyses these streams utilising pollution indices such as the single-factor method and comprehensive pollution index (CPI) based on physiochemical parameters (pH, EC, T, turbidity, NH4-N, NO3-N, NO2-N, PO4-P, DO, BOD, COD) during the period from September 2015 to July 2016. The singlefactor pollution index and the CPI show that the main pollutants during this period were pH, BOD5 and turbidity. On the other hand, the pollution grades of both streams were level III, showing slight pollution of the Elmali and the Karaçomak streams, which had CPI values of 0.88 and 0.60, respectively. The pollution of the Elmali stream was more serious than that in the Karaçomak stream. This integrated evaluation of water quality should be valuable for pollution-control strategies and watershed management of the Karaçomak watershed.