Browsing by Author "Aumeeruddy M.Z."

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Multidirectional insights on Chrysophyllum perpulchrum leaves and stem bark extracts: HPLC-ESI-MS ⁿ profiles, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties
(2019-08-01) Baloglu M.C.; Llorent-Martínez E.J.; Aumeeruddy M.Z.; Mahomoodally M.F.; Altunoglu Y.C.; Ustaoglu B.; Ocal M.; Gürel S.; Bene K.; Sinan K.I.; Zengin G.
Chrysophyllum perpulchrum Mildbr. ex Hutch. & Dalziel has been reported to possess several therapeutic properties in African traditional medicine. However, its pharmacological properties have not been fully studied. Herein, we focused on the evaluation of the antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of three solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol, and water) of the stem bark and leaves. Polyphenolic components of the extracts were also identified by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-ESI-MS n) . The methanolic stem bark extract possess the highest DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging, ferric and molybdenum (VI) reducing, and the highest inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. The aqueous stem bark extract displayed the highest ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) scavenging and cupric reducing power. In contrast, the leaf ethyl acetate extract was the most effective metal chelator and α-amylase inhibitor while the leaf methanolic extract exhibited the highest tyrosinase and α-glucosidase inhibition. The highest total phenolic content (131.58 mg GAE/g extract) was recorded from the methanolic stem bark extract while the leaf methanolic extract was the richest in total flavonoid content (30.43 mg RE/g extract). Flavan-3-ols were main group in the methanol extracts. The minimum inhibitiory concentration values for the methanolic stem bark extract against Gram positive and negative bacteria strains ranged between 62.5–125 μg/ml. Bark extracts of C. perpulchrum were very effective against Salmonella kentucky, Proteus vulgaris and Staphylococcus aureus at 62.5 μg/ml. In addition, cytotoxic activity of stem bark samples was evident at lower concentration than those of leaf extracts. Stem bark extracts displayed the highest prevention against to HeLa cell line (IC 50= 264 μg/mL after 48 h). In light of the above, C. perpulchrum might provide health benefits against oxidative stress and the associated chronic diseases. Nonetheless, the detailed mechanism of action is yet to be further investigated.
Pharmacological and polyphenolic profiles of Phyllanthus phillyreifolius var. commersonii Müll. Arg: An unexplored endemic species from Mauritius
(2019-01-01) Mahomoodally M.F.; Yerlikaya S.; Llorent-Martínez E.J.; Uğurlu A.; Baloglu M.C.; Altunoglu Y.C.; Mollica A.; Dardenne K.K.; Aumeeruddy M.Z.; Puchooa D.; Zengin G.
Phyllanthus phillyreifolius var. commersonii Müll. Arg is an endemic plant of Mauritius. To date, no study has been performed concerning its polyphenolic profile and pharmacological properties. In this study, a decoction (water), ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the aerial parts of P. phillyreifolius, obtained from different extraction procedures (maceration and Soxhlet), were studied for antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and enzyme inhibitory properties along with their polyphenolic profile. The ethyl acetate macerated extract showed high antibacterial activity against B. cereus (MIC = 0.293 mg/mL) and E. coli (MIC = 0.417 mg/mL) while S. epidermidis was most susceptible to the ethyl acetate-Soxhlet extract (MIC = 0.521 mg/mL). The methanol-Soxhlet extract displayed the most potent cupric and ferric reducing power, and metal chelating effect, while the macerated methanolic extract was the most effective DPPH and ABTS scavenger, and BChE inhibitor. Only the ethyl acetate-Soxhlet extract exhibited α-glucosidase inhibition. All extracts exhibited a strong anti-tyrosinase activity, which was further investigated by molecular docking and molecular dynamic. After 48 h exposure to the extracts for HeLa cell lines, the ethyl acetate-Soxhlet extract showed the highest inhibition (IC50 = 533.1 μg/mL) while the decoction extract was more cytotoxic to MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 = 337.4 μg/mL). Treatment of cancer cell lines with all P. phillyreifolius extracts resulted in a time-dependent reduction of cell viability for HeLa and dose-and time-dependent reduction for MDA-MB-231. Gene expression ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax was higher for all Soxhlet-extracts. Total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) content were highest in the decoction and methanol-Soxhlet extract, respectively (122.43 mg GAE/g extract and 31.28 mg RE/g extract, respectively). The extracts were abundant in ellagitannins, although phenolic acids and flavonoids were also detected. Granatin B was detected for the first time in Phyllanthus species. Overall, the aerial parts of P. phillyreifolius exemplify a potent reservoir of bioactive phytochemicals for therapeutic applications.