Browsing by Author "Altunoglu Y."

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Ceftriaxone and phenylalanine combination as broad spectrum antimicrobials therapy
(2017-08-01) Sayiner H.; Ganim M.; Altunoglu Y.; Baloglu M.; Kandemirli F.
Background: Ceftriaxone belongs to the third-generation β-lactam antibiotics and it is useful for the treatment of a number of infectious diseases caused by both aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Phenylalanine is an essential aromatic amino acid of human being, from which dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmitters are being synthesized. In the present study, we examined their combined efficacy against different types of pathogenic bacterial strains. Objective: The aim of the study was designed to investigate the effects of ceftriaxone combination with phenylalanine on antimicrobial activity Method: Gram positive-bacteria and Gram negative- including Klebsiella pneumoniae, - ATCC 25923, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcrescens, Staphylococcus epidermis, Alpha haemolyticus streptococcus, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Enterococcus durans, Salmonella kentucky, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 and Candida albicans ATCC 26555 were exposed to ceftriaxone and phenylalanine based on disk-diffusion method, and Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was determined with ceftriaxone. Results: 0.3 mol/L ceftriaxone and 0.3 mol/L phenylalanine solutions were mixed and observed greater zone of inhibition than ceftriaxone or phenylalanine alone against above mentioned bacterial strains. These results might open up a new avenue for using phenylalanine in combination with ceftriaxone to lower MIC level for better antibacterial effect, to reduce side effects of antibiotics, and to reduce emerging threats of antibiotic resistance bacteria. Conclusion: In this study, combined use of phenylalanine and ceftriaxone has revealed increased antimicrobial sensitivity against some selected both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria in vitro.
Investigations into the therapeutic potential of Asphodeline liburnica roots: In vitro and in silico biochemical and toxicological perspectives
(2018-10-01) Locatelli M.; Yerlikaya S.; Baloglu M.; Zengin G.; Altunoglu Y.; Cacciagrano F.; Campestre C.; Mahomoodally M.; Mollica A.
This study aims to establish the biological and chemical profile of Asphodeline liburnica (Scop.) Rchb. root. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, enzyme inhibitory, DNA protection, apoptotic DNA ladder fragmentation analysis, and anti-proliferative of A. liburnica were established using standard assays. In silico study was also performed to understand interactions between quantified anthraquinones and key enzymes of clinical relevance. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be 9.67 mgGAE/g and 1.48 mgRE/g extract, respectively. Chrysophanol was detected as a major anthraquinone. The extract exhibited radical scavenging ability against DPPH and ABTS with values of 13.23 and 66.99 mgTE/g extract, respectively. Good inhibitory activity against tyrosinase was recorded. In silico experiments showed that the anthraquinones were able to establish coordinative bonds with the copper atoms present in the enzymatic cavity of tyrosinase. MTT cell viability test on MDA-MB-231 cells showed that at 0.1 and 1 μg of extracts induced anti-proliferative effect. Apoptotic DNA fragmentation analysis indicated nuclear condensation resulting in DNA fragmentation, which exhibited apoptotic cell death in the presence of A. liburnica. This study has provided insights on the potential usage of A. liburnica which could open new avenues for research and stimulate future interest for the development of safe novel biopharmaceuticals.
Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects of Phenylalanine and Various Antibiotics on the Growth of Pathogenic Bacteria
(2019-06-15) Sen F.; Ganim M.; Baloglu M.; Aygun A.; Sayiner H.; Altunoglu Y.; Kandemirli F.; Demirkan B.; Kuyuldar E.; Bulut E.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics have been widely used in the treatment of many systemic and local infections in humans and animals. Herein, we aimed to determine the synergistic and antagonistic effects of phenylalanine with antibiotics cefoxitin, amoxicillin, vancomycin, lincomycin, and bacitracin against 14 pathogenic bacteria. The effect of antibiotics, either alone or in combination with this biomolecular liquid, was tested using the disk diffusion method against different bacteria. The addition of phenylalanine to antibiotic disks directly affected their antimicrobial activity. All the antibiotics used did not show any antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus haemolyticus when used alone. However, in combination with phenylalanine, each antibiotic inhibited the growth of S. haemolyticus. The use of this biomolecular liquid together with amoxicillin and vancomycin also increased the antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus durans. The use of phenylalanine in combination with antibiotics also resulted in antagonistic effects on some pathogens. Further, the effects of antibiotics in combination with phenylalanine on different bacterial pathogens were investigated in vitro. Results provide valuable information to further our understanding of the molecular mechanism of action of antibiotics and to improve their efficacy against bacterial pathogens.
Syzgium coriaceum Bosser & J. Guého—An endemic plant potentiates conventional antibiotics, inhibits clinical enzymes and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells
(2020-01-01) Mahomoodally M.; Ugurlu A.; Llorent-Martínez E.; Nagamootoo M.; Picot-Allain M.; Baloglu M.; Altunoglu Y.; Hosenally M.; Zengin G.
Syzygium species are renowned for being important reservoirs of phytochemicals with pharmaceutical and biomedical potential. However, no attempt has been made to delineate the pharmacological potential and phytochemical profile of Syzgium coriaceum Bosser & J. Guého, an endemic plant to Mauritius. The present study aimed to determine the antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, enzyme inhibitory and phytochemical profile of the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of S. coriaceum. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical study of the extracts showed the presence of phenol, tannins, and alkaloids. Chemical characterisation showed the presence of derivatives of tannins, gallic acids, quercetin, and kaempferol. Potentiating activity between S. coriaceum extracts and antibiotics (ampicillin and streptomycin) using the checkerboard method showed additive interaction. The extracts showed potent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (2.95 and 2.93 mmol trolox equivalent (TE)/g sample for ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, respectively) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) (4.09 and 3.83 mmol TE/g sample for ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, respectively) scavenging abilities. Syzygium coriaceum extracts were active inhibitors of α-glucosidase (about 47 mmol acarbose equivalent/g sample for ethyl acetate and methanol extract). S. coriaceum methanol extract caused maximum inhibition against human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) cancer cells after 48 h treatment with the IC50 value of 53.41 μg/mL. Expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 and BIRC5 genes were down-regulated. It can be concluded that S. coriaceum extracts lead to MDA-MB-231 cells apoptosis. This investigation has provided a comprehensive report of the biological and chemical profile of S. coriaceum. Collected scientific evidences can open new avenues for research and contributes towards establishing primary data on Syzygium species endemic to Mauritius for bioprospection of novel phytopharmaceuticals.