Browsing by Author "Akkuzu E."

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Assesment of trap color and trap height above the ground on the capture of IPS sexdentatus and thanasimus formicarius
(2021-01-01) Akkuzu E.; Şahin M.; Ugiş A.; Bal E.
The six-toothed pine bark beetle Ips sexdentatus is one of the most devastating bark beetles of Eurasian pine forests. Pheromone traps are used to monitor and control Ips sexdentatus populations. In this study, the effect of trap color and trap height on the capture of Ips exdentatus and its predator the ant beetle Thanasimus formicarius was investigated. The research was conducted in Pinus sylvestris stands within Yayla Forest Enterprise Chief (Kastamonu-Daday) in Turkey. In the study area, 25 Scandinavian type three-funnel traps of 5 different colors (yellow, white, green, black, and red traps with five replications) were used. Traps were placed at the same height, 1.5 m above ground. For the second part of the study, a total of 20 traps (5 per height category) was placed 1.0 m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m, and 2.5 m above ground. Traps were controlled at intervals of 7-10 days and captured Ips exdentatus and Thanasimus formicarius were counted. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Significant differences in the number of captures by trap color, and 2) No significant differences in the numbers of Ips sexdentatus and Thanasimus formicarius captured between the trap heights.
Edge effects of pinus nigra forests on abundance and body lenght of ips sexdentatus
(2015-01-01) Akkuzu E.; Guzel H.
Ips sexdentatus (Börner, 1776) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is one of the most devastating pests of coniferous forests in Turkey. The pest not only kills individual host trees, but also it can outbreak readily and cause great damage under favorable conditions. Distribution and damage of this pest vary depending on some biotic and abiotic factors (e.g. edge effect, climatic factors, and host plant). The present study investigated the edge effect of Pinus nigra Arnold stands on the population level and the body length of I. sexdentatus. For this purpose, edge effects of P. nigra forests on I. sexdentatus were studied at Kastamonu Regional Directorate of State Forests located in northwestern black sea region of Turkey in the years 2012-2013. Three factors (forest interior, forest edge, and forest exterior) were used to test the effects of forest edges on the abundance and body length of I. sexdentatus. A number of five study sites were selected to deploy Lindgren funnel-type pheromone traps. Fifteenunit traps baited with commercial pheromone Ipssex were set in 5 replicate blocks of three traps per block. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Double bark thicknesses and diameter of the trees along the forest edges were significantly higher than those in forest interior; 2) The number of I. sexdentatus captured from forest outside and forest edge was significantly higher than those in forest interior; 3) Body length of I. sexdentatus was significantly higher on trees along the forest edges than those in forest interior.
Edge effects on gall-inducing insect Mikiola fagi (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in the oriental beach forests
(2015-01-01) Akkuzu E.; Dingiloʇlu E.; Unal S.
This study investigated the influence of forest edges on the leaf galls induced by Mikiola fagi (Hartig) on oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky). Two main objectives of this study were a) to compare the effects of forest edges on the number of leaf galls, and b) to compare the forest edges and forest interiors concerning the length and weight of the galls. Investigations on this subject were conducted in 2013-2014 in the Forest Enterprise Chief of Tezcan in Kastamonu located in Western Blacksea region of Turkey. The results showed that 1) the number of leaf galls was greater along the forest edges than in the forest interiors, 2) the length and the weight of the galls did not differ significantly between forest edges and forest interiors.
Effect of rooting hormones on the rooting capability of Ficus benjamina L. cuttings
(2016-01-01) Topacoglu O.; Sevik H.; Guney K.; Unal C.; Akkuzu E.; Sivacioglu A.
Vegetative production techniques, of which cutting method widely used in propagation of ornamental plants, have a crucial role for conserving the plant genetic sources. On rooting development of stem cuttings, cutting position, rooting medium and rooting hormone are some of the critical factors that affect the success. The primary objective of this study is to determine the best hormone doses and ideal rooting medium on Ficus benjamina L. stem cuttings. Conventionally, the most frequently vegetative propagation method is the rooting of the stem cuttings in various media such as, pearlite, peat, sand, through exposure to high-concentration rooting hormones (IBA, IAA, NAA, etc.). But, this conventional technique requires wide areas in the rooting stage of mass production, prevents monitoring the course of rooting, and necessitates large amount of materials used as hormones and rooting media. In this study, a new method that may be preferable in mass production of plants was tested. 39 different treatments were carried out, and their results were evaluated. Sand, and perlite were used as solid rooting media. Stem cuttings were kept in low-concentration hormones permanently after cutting (liquid medium). In this way, their rooting capability were examined. Rooting trials were conducted before stem cuttings were taken to solid rooting media. As conclusions, the highest rooting ratio were obtained for 10 ppm of NAA (94.43%) and 100 ppm of IBA (93.9%) in liquid media. Moreover, the highest root length and the average root length were quite low in liquid media.
Effects of forest roads on foliage discoloration of oriental spruce by Ips typographus (L.)
(2009-05-01) Akkuzu E.; Eroglu H.; Sonmez T.; Ahmet Yolasigmaz H.; Sariyildiz T.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of forest roads on foliage discoloration levels of oriental spruce Picea orientalis (L.) Link by Ips typographus (L.), considering location, ground slope and ground surface type of the spruce stands. The study was carried out over two years (2006-2007) in Artvin-Hatila National Park, Turkey. A total of 480 spruce trees from 12 stands were sampled. The results of the study were as follows: 1) locations of the trees (down-slope, up-slope, and forest interior plots) and ground surface types of the area (rocky and non-rocky grounds) significantly affected the foliage discoloration levels, 2) mean foliage discoloration level of trees were highest in the down-slope plots followed by up-slope and forest interior plots, 3) mean foliage discoloration level of trees grown up on the rocky stands were significantly greater than those on the non-rocky stands, and 4) mean stem volume of the trees with the foliage discoloration level 4 (death) were significantly greater than those with the other foliage discoloration levels (0, 1, 2, 3). © 2009 Academic Journals.
Effects of stand composition and site index of pine forests on bark beetle, ips sexdentatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) population
(2017-08-01) Akkuzu E.; Güzel H.; Evcin Ö.
Various biotic and abiotic factors influence the population dynamics and severity of damage in a forest. This study investigated the effects of stand composition and site index of pine forests on Ips sexdentatus (Boerner) populations. Two main objectives of this study were a) to compare the effects of two different black pine stands of site index-I (high site productivity) and site index-III (low site productivity) and b) to compare the pure and mixed pine forests concerning the abundance and body length of I. sexdentatus. The results showed that 1) density of I. sexdentatus were greater in pure forests than mixed ones, 2) density of I. sexdentatus were grater in stands with site index-III than those with site index-I, and 3) the body length of the pest did not differ significantly between two site productivity classes and between two stand compositions.
Effects of water stress on germination of Pinus nigra Arnold. seeds
(2016-04-01) Topacoglu O.; Sevik H.; Akkuzu E.
Climate change, global warming and the deterioration of related environmental conditions cause an important problem for forest tree species. For this reason, it is necessary to determine the response of trees to these conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of water stress on seed germination of fifteen Pinus nigra Arnold. provenances in Turkey. For this purpose, the water stresses between 0 and -8.0 bars were obtained using polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG) solutions. Seeds were kept for 35 days at 20 ± 0.5°C. In this study, significant variations between the provenances were found. Ankara Uluhan (% 95, 08) and Isparta Tota (% 85, 41) provenances at -8.0 bars having the highest cumulative germination percentages were the most resistant provenances against the water stress. This study has shown that the water stress reduced the germination speed, germination percentage and germination value.
Larvaecidal effects of azadirachtin on the pine processionary moth
(2009-10-05) Unal S.; Akkuzu E.
The effects of azadirachtin, a natural extract of the neem tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss, on larval growth and feeding activity of pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Schiff.)) was investigated in laboratory experiments conducted in 2007 - 2008. The organic insecticide NeemAzal-T/S (a commercial neem preparation) was applied as suspension in distilled water at concentration levels of 0.3, 0.5 and 1%. Comparing with the untreated leaves, the effect of the insecticide NeemAzal-T/S was tested on the 10th day after treatment. The results obtained in conducted experiments indicated that NeemAzal-T/S was effective against T. pityocampa larvae, significantly inhibiting larval growth and reducing feeding activity. © 2009 Academic Journals.
Predation efficacy of the predator Coccinella septempunctata L. on the Aphid species Macrosiphum rosae (L.) in Kastamonu Province, Turkey
(2017-01-01) Unal S.; Er A.; Akkuzu E.; Šálek L.
This study was conducted between the years 2013-2014 in order to determine the phenology of the predator Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and to evaluate its efficacy on Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Kastamonu, Turkey. Rearing of C. septempunctata was carried out at 21.3±4.00°C and 78.8±9.44% relative humidity. The first, second, third and fourth larval instars of C. septempunctata consumed 20.3, 54.3, 108.2, and 232.7 M. rosea, respectively. The predation efficacy of the C. septempunctata was increased with the progress of the larval instars up to the fourth which was the most voracious.