Browsing by Author "Özdemir R.C."

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Cyclopamine induced expression of immune-related genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) head kidney leukocytes
(2018-01-01) Sönmez A.Y.; Özdemir R.C.; Bilen S.; Yürüten Özdemir K.
This study investigated the effect of cyclopamine, a hedgehog signaling inhibitor, on immune-related gene expression in rainbow trout head kidney leukocytes in vitro. At 1h sampling time COX 2, IFN-2, TNF-α, C3, MHC-II, Il-1β, IL-12, IL-10, and IL-6 increased significantly in groups exposed to cyclopamine at 30 μg/ml. However, in groups exposed to 10 and 20 μg/ml cyclopamine, the expression of these genes decreased significantly. At 4h sampling time, levels of COX-2, IFN-1, IFN-2, TNF-α, TGF-β, IgT, and MHC-II in groups exposed to 20 μg/ml cyclopamine increased. At 8h sampling time, COX2, IFN-Reg, and TNF-α expression in groups exposed to 10 and 30 μg/ml cyclopamine increased significantly compared to those in the controls. Conversely the expression decreased significantly for almost all other genes. At 12h sampling time, almost all genes increased significantly in groups exposed to 10 μg/ml cyclopamine compared to those in the controls. Notably, after 24h, the gene expression in all groups significantly decreased compared to the controls. Our results suggest that the activation of cyclopamine can be a useful tool for the examination of immune-related gene expression in the rainbow trout.
Improved induction of meiotic gynogenesis in Coruh trout, Salmo coruhensis
(2022-08-01) Özdemir R.C.; Ekici A.
In this study, water and spermatozoa parameters were evaluated during the reproduction season, as well as the optimal conditions for the retention of the second polar body in Salmo coruhensis eggs obtained with heat-shock timing, intensity, duration and UV irradiation for gynogenetic production. Sperm was diluted 1:20 with lightly modified Hank's Balanced Salt Solution, and sperm manifesting 60% motility was obtained with a UV dose of 3600 kJ/cm2. The highest ratios of eyed-stage, hatching and larval survival were 89.59 ± 2.18%, 82.86 ± 3.11% and 79.61 ± 1.25% in the experimental group exposed to 28.5 °C heat-shock respectively. As the shocking temperature increased, the rates of eyed-stage, hatching and larval survival decreased (p < 0.05). After 3–7 days of fertilization, all haploid individuals died in all experimental groups. As a result of the morphological examination, no difference was found between the gynogen and control groups at larval and juvenile stages. In karyotype analysis, chromosome numbers of control (C), diploid gynogen (G) and triploid (T) group were 2n = 80 and 3n ≈ 120 respectively. Triploid groups showed 1.5 times higher mean erythrocyte diameter and relative DNA content than G and C groups. Moreover, it was determined that sdY, the salmonid male sex-determining gene, was not found in all groups that were assumed to be gynogens, and all of them were female (100%). These results indicated that all individuals in the gynogen groups were gynogenetic. The protocol developed in this study can contribute to the production of gynogenetic Coruh trout, the production of mono-sex species, as well as the genetic performance enhancement studies.
Prevention of Saprolegniasis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs using oregano (Origanum onites) and laurel (Laurus nobilis) essential oils
(2022-01-01) Özdemir R.C.; Taştan Y.; Güney K.
The present study investigated the antifungal effects of essential oils of oregano (Origanum onites) and laurel (Laurus nobilis) on Saprolegniasis, a disease that occurs in rainbow trout eggs during the incubation period. Oregano and laurel were ground after drying, and essential oils were obtained by water distillation method using a Clevenger apparatus. The essential oils were added to potato dextrose agar (PDA) at the rates of 1–1000 ppm, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined as 250 ppm whereas the minimum lethal concentration (MLC) was determined to be 500 ppm for both plants. In the in vivo trials, fertilized eggs were treated with predetermined doses either by bathing during water hardening and incubation period or only during incubation period, and death rates were monitored during embryological development. The best larvae hatching rate was determined in 500 ppm oregano and 500 ppm laurel groups treated during water hardening plus daily as 82.11% and 79.87%, respectively. According to the results, it was determined that oregano and laurel essential oils exhibited better results in all doses compared with the negative control group, and 500 ppm dose had a better effect than the positive control group treated with formalin.