Bayram, Pinar, Aksak Karamese, Selina, Ozdemır, Bengul, Salum, Cagatay, Erol, Huseyin Serkan, Karamese, MuratBayram P., Aksak Karamese S., Ozdemir B., Salum C., Erol H.S., Karamese M.2023-05-092023-05-092023-03-292023-01-01https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12597/11853In this study, our aim was to investigate the possible protective and therapeutic effects of these two flavonoids, baicalein and naringin, in 50 and 100 mg/kg doses applied both before and after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) procedures in a polymicrobial sepsis rat model, and evaluate possible contribution of oxidative and inflammatory markers by immunological, biochemical, molecular, and histopathological methods.Sixty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into 11 groups. The pro-inflammatory (TNF-alpha, IL-1-beta, and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-beta and IL-10) cytokine levels were measured by ELISA technique. CD3, CD68, and nuclear factor kappa B positivity rates were detected by immunohistochemical methods. Oxidative stress parameters (MDA, SOD, and GSH) were measured by tissue biochemistry.Sepsis caused a significant increase in all pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and MDA activity. Also, it led to an increase in the positivities of CD3, CD68, and NF-κB markers. However, especially pre-CLP doses of baicalein and naringin inhibited the inflammation process by suppressing pro-inflammatory and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, as well as regulating oxidative stress process by normalizing the oxidant/anti-oxidant enzyme levels.Both pre- and post-application of baicalein and naringin are quite effective to prevent sepsis-caused cellular processes. This protective and therapeutic effects by baicalein and naringin in animals with sepsis seems to be originated from the high antioxidant capacity and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Thus, those natural agents may prove to be a valuable protective agent against septic shock.Introduction: In this study, our aim was to investigate the possible protective and therapeutic effects of these two flavonoids, baicalein, and naringin, in 50 and 100 mg/kg doses applied both before and after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) procedures in a polymicrobial sepsis rat model, and evaluate the possible contribution of oxidative and inflammatory markers by immunological, biochemical, molecular, and histopathological methods. Methods: Sixty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into 11 groups. The pro-inflammatory (TNF-alpha, IL-1-beta, and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-beta and IL-10) cytokine levels were measured by ELISA technique. CD3, CD68, and nuclear factor kappa B positivity rates were detected by immunohistochemical methods. Oxidative stress parameters (MDA, SOD, and GSH) were measured by tissue biochemistry. Results: Sepsis caused a significant increase in all pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and MDA activity. Also, it led to an increase in the positivities of CD3, CD68, and NF-κB markers. However, especially pre-CLP doses of baicalein and naringin inhibited the inflammation process by suppressing pro-inflammatory and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, as well as regulating the oxidative stress process by normalizing the oxidant/anti-oxidant enzyme levels. Conclusion: Both pre- and post-application of baicalein and naringin are quite effective to prevent sepsis-caused cellular processes. This protective and therapeutic effects by baicalein and naringin in animals with sepsis seems to be originated from the high antioxidant capacity and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Thus, those natural agents may prove to be valuable protective agent against septic shock.falseBaicaleinCLPFlavonoidsIL-6InflammationNaringinOxidative stressSepsisTNF-alphabaicalein | CLP | flavonoids | IL-6 | inflammation | naringin | oxidative stress | Sepsis | TNF-alphaJournal Article10.1080/08923973.2023.219714310.1080/08923973.2023.21971432-s2.0-8515245668436988563