Browsing by Author "Safak, T, Risvanli, A"

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Effect of somatic cell count on milk composition and some chemical properties of milk
(2022-01-01) Safak T., Risvanli A.; Safak, T, Risvanli, A
Subclinical mastitis is a very important disease for dairy cattle farms. As a result of the deterioration of milk quality, it causes economic losses in enterprises. Milk samples of 180 cows were divided into five groups according to the somatic cell count. Some chemical properties and composition were measured in milk samples. The ratio of solid-non-fat, mineral matter, lactose, and protein decreased as the somatic cell count of the milk increased (P˂0.05). No statistical difference was observed between the fat content of milk and the level of somatic cell count (P˃0.05). Although specific gravity decreases (P˂0.05), the electrical conductivity increases (P˂0.001) in milk with high levels of somatic cell count. The milk quality of dairy cattle deteriorates due to the high somatic cell count. Therefore, regular monitoring of somatic cell count is recommended in dairy farms to monitor changes in fat, protein, solid-non-fat, lactose, and mineral matter ratios as well as some chemical properties that make up the milk composition
Udder defense system: Effect of milk somatic cell countlevel on Th1/Th2 cytokine balance
(2022-01-01) Safak T., Risvanli A.; Safak, T, Risvanli, A
The immune system of the cow is kept strong to protect the cows from mastitis, which causes economic losses for dairy cattle herds. Cellular immunity, especially, plays an important role as a first-line defense system. In the case of inflammation, cytokines play a decisive role in monitoring this process. In this study, the relationship between somatic cell count (SCC) and cytokine (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, and interleukins TNF-α, IFN-γ,IL-2, -4, -5, and -10, respectively) concentrations in milk were determined. It was decided to support the humoral and cellular aspects of the udder defense system by determining the T-helper cell (Th1/Th2) cytokine polarization in high SCC milk from cows with signs of mastitis. Milk samples from 180 cows were divided into five groups according to the somatic cell count level (˂ 150 x 103, 151 x 103-400 x 103, 401 x 103-600x103, 601 x 103-1,000 x 103, and > 1,000x103 cells⁄mL). It was understood that the Th1 direction was determined before mastitis was formed, that is when SCC was low (˂ 150 x 103). As a result, it was concluded that theTh1 polarization should be supported to protect cows from mastitis.