Browsing by Author "Pinar N.M."

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A 2-year aeropalynological survey of allergenic pollen in the atmosphere of Kastamonu, Turkey
(2012-09-01) Çeter T.; Pinar N.M.; Güney K.; Yildiz A.; Aşci B.; Smith M.
Knowledge of airborne pollen concentrations and the weather conditions influencing them is important for air quality forecasters, allergists and allergy sufferers. For this reason, a 7-day recording volumetric spore trap of the Hirst design was used for pollen monitoring between January 2006 and December 2007 in Kastamonu, Turkey. A total of 293,427 pollen grains belonging to 51 taxa were recorded during the study period. In the 2 years of study, the period March-August was identified as the main pollination season for Kastamonu. The highest monthly pollen counts were observed in May in both years. Six taxa made up 86.5% of the total amount of pollen recorded in the atmosphere of Kastamonu. These were as follows: Pinaceae (42.9%), Cupressaceae (20.6%), Poaceae (9.7%), Quercus (5.5%) Betula (5.3%) and Carpinus (2.6%). Four of these are considered to be highly allergenic (Betula, Carpinus, Cupressaceae and Poaceae). There were also a greater percentage of highly allergenic taxa found within the city, including Betula pendula that is not part of the local flora. This shows that through urban planting, the public and municipalities can unconsciously create a high risk for allergy sufferers. Daily average pollen counts from the six most frequently recorded pollen types were entered into Spearman's correlation analysis with meteorological data. Mean daily temperature, relative humidity, daily rainfall and wind speed were found to significantly (p < 0.05) affect atmospheric pollen concentrations, but the relationships between pollen concentrations and meteorological variables can vary and so there is a need for more local studies of this nature. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Airborne fungal spore load and season timing in the Central and Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey explained by climate conditions and land use
(2020-12-15) Grinn-Gofroń A.; Çeter T.; Pinar N.M.; Bosiacka B.; Çeter S.; Keçeli T.; Myśliwy M.; Şahin A.A.; Bogawski P.
The widespread fungal aeroplankton comprises numerous plant pathogens and allergenic components. Here, we present the first study describing the airborne spore composition in the Central and Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey against the background of meteorological variables and land use. This region is climatically diverse and there are large differences in altitude and land cover. Using multivariate statistical techniques, we assessed the combined effects of the main weather factors on the airborne spore count and temporal patterns of spore season for 30 fungal taxa in five provinces with three different climate types. Moreover, we combined meteorological and land use data to search for potential source areas of airborne spores recorded at the study sites. Spore season start and peak dates substantially varied between sites (maximally 130 days between western and eastern part of the study area – for Boletus mean start date), however for most of the taxa investigated the season ended at a similar time at different sites. All the meteorological variables included in redundancy analysis accounted for 10.8–48.9% of the total variance in the fungal spore data, with the highest value in sites with continental climate. Daily mean air temperature was the most important variable and significantly correlated with the daily count of all the spore types (0.11 ≤ rs ≤ 0.84). However, when temperature range was calculated for three large, percentile-based spore count clusters it turned out that between 17% (subtropical climate) and 56% (continental climate) of the taxa showed no difference in temperature between low and high counts. Finally, based on combination of wind conditions and land use data we identified grasslands, croplands and coniferous forests as the main potential sources of fungal spores in the study area, and suggested that spores from the forests may be transported over longer distances than from open areas.
Analysis of airborne pollen of Gümüşhane province in northeastern Turkey and its relationship with meteorological parameters
(2018-01-01) Türkmen Y.; Çeter T.; Pinar N.M.
Knowledge of the types of atmospheric pollen and their concentrations in a particular area is critical for evaluating air quality and allergen exposure. This study was carried out to determine the pollen diversity and daily, monthly, and annual concentrations in Gümüşhane, whose relationships were then sought with the meteorological factors in the atmosphere of Gümüşhane. For this purpose, an aerobiological study was carried out with Hirst (Burkard) type pollen traps in the Gümüşhane city center between August 2010 and July 2012. Sampling and analysis of the pollens followed the method described by the Spanish Aerobiological Network. The duration of the main pollen season (MPS) was determined according to the 98% method, and daily pollen concentration in the MPS was statistically analyzed and compared with the meteorological parameters. A total of 41,544 pollen grains belonging to 70 taxa were recorded in Gümüşhane during the study period. In the first year (August 2010–July 2011) of the study, 36,020 pollen grains belonging to 63 taxa were detected, while a total of 5524 pollen grains belonging to 68 taxa were detected in the second year (August 2011 and July 2012). In both of the study periods, pollen grains from trees were the biggest contributors to the airborne pollen (85.6%), followed by grasses (Poaceae) (8.8%) and the other weeds (5.6%). Comparison of the meteorological parameters and pollen concentrations revealed that the meteorological parameters could have different effects on pollen concentrations of different taxa, where only the taxa that gave ≥1% airborne pollen for the study period were studied.
Atmospheric concentration of fungus spores in Ankara and the effect of meteorological factors in 2003 period
(2009-01-01) Çeter T.; Pinar N.M.
The atmospheric concentrations of airborne fungus spores change continuously according to the meteorological factors, and their intensity have important allergic effects on atopic subjects and opportunistic pathogenic effects on immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to identify the fungal spores found in Ankara atmosphere during 2003 period and to investigate the changes in spore concentrations in relation to meteorological factors. Fungal spores were sampled by using 7-day Burkard volumetric trap between January to December 2003, and probable identification was performed microscopically based on their morphological structures. A total of 433.079 spores/m3 belonging to 35 taxa were observed during the study. The rates of these taxa were as follows; 75.5% Cladosporium, 6.1% Alternaria, 2.2% Leptosphaeria, 2.2% Ustilago, 2.1% 1-septate ascospores, 2% Exosporium, 1.6% Pleospora, and 1.3% Drechslera. The other taxa with concentrations < 1 % have consisted a total of 7.1 % of all atmospheric spores (Puccinia, Curvularia, Coprinus, Nigrospora, Periconia, Melanomma, Torula, Ascobolus, Agrocybe, Pithomyces, Stemphyllium, Ganoderma, Boletus, Peronospora, Venturia, Paraphaeosphaeria, Epicoccum, Didymella, Chaetomium and Fusarium rates between 0.7-0.1%; Oidium, Xylaria, Botrytis, Melanospora, Dictyosporium, Sporormiella and Tetracoccosporium rates between 0.09-0.01%). Although fungal spores were detected in all months in Ankara atmosphere, the evaluation of the seasonal distribution of spore concentrations revealed that the highest value was detected in July (100.697 spores/m3), while the lowest value was in January (4268 spores/m3). When the effects of meteorological factors on spore concentrations were investigated, it was found that, monthly mean temperature (> 20°C) has a strong positive correlation (p< 0.01), and monthly mean relative humidity (< %50) and precipitation (0-20 mm) have strong negative correlations (p< 0.01) on the spore concentrations, while wind velocity (3 m/s) has a slightly positive effect. An annual spore calendar which indicated weekly concentrations and allergenicity levels of those identified fungal spores, was also prepared in this study. In conclusion, it is expected that these data would be helpful for the researchers in the area of aeropalinology and for the clinicians to evaluate allergic diseases.
Comparative pollen morphology of annual Trigonella L. (Fabaceae) in Turkey
(2014-04-01) Pinar N.M.; Akan H.; Ceter T.; Aytac Z.; Ekici M.; Acar A.; Akdogan S.
Pollen morphology of 38 Trigonella species was investigated with light microscopies and scanning electron microscopies. Pollen slides were prepared using Wodehouse technique. The pollen grains of Trigonella members are radially symmetrical and isopolar, their outlines are oblong in equatorial view and circular in polar view. Amb is semicircular. The pollen grains are prolate-spheroidal, oblate-spheroidal, suboblate, spheroidal, and prolate with the polar axes 13.5-49.9 μm and the equatorial axes 10.4-43.7 μm. The smallest dimensions are observed in T. spinosa and T. brachycarpa, and the largest in T. carica and T. rhytidocarpa. The pollen grains of Trigonella taxa are usually tricolporate or rarely tricolpate, pantocolporate, tetracolporate, and tricolpodiporate. Various ornamentation types were observed: Microreticulate (section Samaroideae, Pectinatae, Falcatulae, Cylindricae, Bucerates, Reflexae, Isthmocarpae, Capitatae and Foenum-graecum), rugulate-scabrate (section Lunatae, Uncinatae), perforate (T. halophila, T. rigida and T. carica from section Bucerates) and retipilatae (section Biebersteinianae) at equator region and psilate-perforate (section Samaroideae, Pectinatae, Bucerates, Reflexae, Isthmocarpae, Foenum-graecum, T. coelesyriaca, T. cilicica), rugulate-scabrate (section Lunatae, Uncinatae), microreticulate (Falcatulae, Cylindricae and Foenum-graecum) and retipilatae (section Biebersteinianae) at polar region. Ornamentations, pollen shape and the aperture type have been observed as important morphological characters. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien.
Pollen and seed morphology of the genus Hesperis L. (Brassicaceae) in Turkey
(2009-06-17) Pinar N.M.; Duran A.; Çeter T.; Tuǧ G.N.
Pollen and seed morphology were examined in 35 specimens representing 25 Turkish species of the taxonomically complex genus Hesperis L. by light and scanning electron microscopes. Three main types and 2 subtypes were recognized based on the seed coat surface, pollen shape, and exine sculpturing. The seed coat ornamentation of Type I was ocellate, and pollen shape was oblate-spheroidal. While Type II was represented by reticulate seed coat and prolate-spheroidal pollen shape, Type III had tuberculate seed coat. This study revealed that both palynological and seed morphological characters are of significant importance in the taxonomy of the genus. © TÜBİTAK.
Pollen morphology of Astragalus L. sect. Onobrychoidei DC. (Fabaceae) in Turkey
(2009-10-15) Pinar N.M.; Ekici M.; Aytaç Z.; Akan H.; Çeter T.; Alan S.
The pollen morphology of 45 specimens of 29 species of the genus Astragalus L. of the section Onobrychoidei DC. distributed in Turkey was studied with light and electron microscopies. The pollen is generally 3-colporate. Pollen of the section is prolate, subprolate, and prolate-spheroidal. Size varies, with the polar axis ranging from 23.4 to 42.6 μm and the equatorial axis from 14.3 to 36.4 μm. The outline is elliptic or compressed oval in the meridional section, versus trilobulate and sometimes tetralobulate in the polar optical section. Sculpturing is usually microreticulate, rarely reticulate or rugulate in the meridional optical section, and psilate and perforate (with irregular or circular perforations) in the polar optical section. © TÜBİTAK.
Pollen morphology of some Verbascum (Scrophulariaceae) taxa in Turkey
(2018-01-09) Öztürk A.; Güney K.B.; Bani B.; Güney K.; Karavelioğullari F.A.; Pinar N.M.; Çeter T.
Pollen morphology of six Verbascum (Scrophulariaceae) taxa belonging to five different groups in the genus [V. georgicum (group E), V. nudatum var. nudatum (group F), V. cariense (group F), V. bithynicum (group H), V. pycnostachyum (group K), and V. lasianthum (group L)] was studied. Pollen slides were prepared according to the Woodhouse method and were examined with light-microscopy (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). All studied pollen grains are generally monads, though tetrads (5 %) were observed in Verbascum nudatum var. nudatum. Pollen grains of all studied taxa were determined as isopolar and radially symmetric. In general terms, aperture types are trizonocolporate, but also trisyncolpate (V. lasianthum 10 %, V. pycnostachum 1 %, and V. georgicum 4 %) and trizonocolpate (V. cariense 10 %, V. bithynicum 10%, V. lasianthum 90%, V. pycnostachyum 9%, and V. georgicum 96 %) aperture types were observed. The shapes of the pollen grains were determined as prolate, subprolate, prolate-spheroidal and oblate-spheroidal. The sculpture was reticulate in all cases. The results of the study corroborate that morphological features, such as pollen shape, polar axis length (P), equatorial axis length (L), aperture type, surface ornamentation, muri thickness, and lumina shape, show differences which can be taken into consideration in the systematic discrimination within the groups, and also for discrimination of the groups in the genus.
The comparative pollen morphology of genera Matricaria L. and Tripleurospemum Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae) in Turkey
(2013-05-01) Çeter T.; Pinar N.M.; Inceer H.; Hayirlioǧlu-Ayaz S.; Yaprak A.E.
Pollen morphology of four Matricaria species and 28 Tripleurospermum species was investigated with light microscopies (LM) and scanning electron microscopies (SEM). Pollen slides were prepared using Wodehouse technique. Measurements were based on 20 or more pollen grains per specimen. For SEM studies, dried pollen grains were transferred on aluminum stubs and coated with gold for 4 min in a sputter-coater. The pollen grains of Matricaria and Tripleurospermum are radially symmetric and isopolar. The pollen grains of the Matricaria are oblate-spheroidal with the polar axes 16.6-31.2 μm and the equatorial axes 18.7-23.9 μm. Tripleurospermum is oblate-spheroidal, suboblate and prolate-spheroidal with the polar axes 15.6-32.2 μm and the equatorial axes 17.7-385 μm. The pollen grains of Tripleurospermum are operculate and tricolporate. Matricaria is operculate and usually tricolporate or rarely syncolporate, tricolpate and tetracolporate. The pollen grain of both taxa shows echinate ornamentation. The spines are commonly conical with a broadened base and a tapered apical portion. The spine length varies between 1.8-4 μm in Tripleurospermum and 2.3-3.3 μm in Matricaria. The width of spines varies between 2.8-4.6 μm in Tripleurospermum and 2.4-3.6 μm in Matricaria. Inter-spinal area shows granulate-perforate, reticulate-perforate, rugulate-perforate ornamentations and the tectum surrounding the spine base is micro perforate. Overall exine thickness ranges from 2.8 to 4.8 μm in Tripleurospermum, 3.6 to 5.2 μm in Matricaria. Intine is thicker under pores in Tripleurospermum (0.3-0.62 μm) than in Matricaria (0.6-0.8 μm). Inter-spinal ornamentations, pollen shape and the numbers of perforations at the spin base have been observed as important morphological characters. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien.